Louis III, Grand Duke of Hesse

Louis III, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine (German: Großherzog Ludwig III von Hessen und bei Rhein; 9 June 1806, Darmstadt – 13 June 1877, Seeheim) was Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine from 1848 until his death in 1877.

Louis III
Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine
Reign5 March 1848 – 13 June 1877
PredecessorLouis II
SuccessorLouis IV
Born(1806-06-09)9 June 1806
Darmstadt, Hesse
Died13 June 1877(1877-06-13) (aged 71)
Seeheim, Hesse
Burial
Rosenhohe, Darmstadt
SpousePrincess Mathilde Caroline of Bavaria
Anna Magdalena, Freifrau von Hochstädten (morganatic)
HouseHesse-Darmstadt
FatherLouis II, Grand Duke of Hesse
MotherWilhelmine of Baden
Grand Ducal Family of
Hesse and by Rhine
Louis II
Children
Louis III
Prince Charles
Princess Elisabeth
Prince Alexander
Maria Alexandrovna, Empress of Russia
Grandchildren
Louis IV
Prince Heinrich
Anna, Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
Prince Wilhelm
Louis III

Biography
1859 thaler of Hesse, depicting Louis III.

He was the son of Grand Duke Louis II of Hesse and his consort, Princess Wilhelmine of Baden. He succeeded as Grand Duke in 1848 upon the abdication of his father during the March Revolution in the German states.

During the Austro-Prussian War of 1866, Louis sent word more than once to Queen Victoria, mother-in-law of his nephew and successor Louis, appealing to her to reason on his behalf with the King of Prussia, "in the same sense I had already written before, but it would be utterly useless."[1]

He was succeeded by his nephew, Louis IV, on 13 June 1877, as his brother Charles (Louis' father) had already died three months previously, in March.

Marriages

In Munich, on 26 December 1833, he married Princess Mathilde Caroline of Bavaria, eldest daughter of Ludwig I of Bavaria. The marriage produced no children. Princess Mathilde Caroline died in 1862, and in 1868 the Grand Duke remarried, morganatically, to Magdalene Appel who was created Baroness of Hochstädten.

Honours and awards

Ancestry

References
  1. "Queen Victoria's Journals". Princess Beatrice's copies. RA VIC/MAIN/QVJ(W). 15 May 1866.
  2. "Großherzogliche Orden", Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Großherzogtum Baden (in German), Karlsruhe, 1873, pp. 58, 73{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  3. Kurfürstlich Hessisches Hof- und Staatshandbuch: 1860 (1860), "Kurfürstliche Orden und Ehrenzeichen" p. 15
  4. "Königlich Preussische Ordensliste", Preussische Ordens-Liste (in German), Berlin, 1: 8, 924, 1877 – via hathitrust.org
  5. "Ritter-Orden: Königlich-ungarischer St. Stephans-Orden", Hof- und Staatshandbuch der Österreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie, 1874, p. 55, retrieved 15 September 2021
  6. "Königliche Orden", Hof- und – Staatshandbuch des Königreichs Bayern (in German), Munich: Druck and Verlag, 1875, p. 8, retrieved 15 September 2021
  7. Staatshandbuch für das Großherzogtum Sachsen / Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach (1864), "Großherzogliche Hausorden" p. 11
  8. Hof- und Staatshandbuch des Großherzogtums Oldenburg: für das Jahr 1872/73, "Der Großherzogliche Haus-und Verdienst Orden" p. 29
  9. Württemberg (1873). Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreichs Württemberg: 1873. p. 31.
  10. Staatshandbuch für den Freistaat Sachsen: 1873. Heinrich. 1873. p. 3.
  11. Staat Hannover (1865). Hof- und Staatshandbuch für das Königreich Hannover: 1865. Berenberg. pp. 37, 77.
  12. Almanacco di corte. p. 30.
  13. Staats- und Adreß-Handbuch des Herzogthums Nassau (1866), "Herzogliche Orden" p. 8
  14. "Caballeros de la insigne orden del toisón de oro", Guía Oficial de España (in Spanish), 1868, p. 157, retrieved 10 December 2019
  15. Sovereign Ordonnance of 23 April 1865
  16. Shaw, Wm. A. (1906) The Knights of England, I, London, p. 63
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