MAXI J1659-152

MAXI J1659-152 is a rapidly rotating black hole/star system, discovered by NASA's Swift space telescope on September 25, 2010. On March 19, 2013, ESA's XMM-Newton space telescope helped to identify a star and a black hole that orbit each other at the rate of once every 2.4 hours.

MAXI J1659-152
Observation data
Epoch J2000      Equinox J2000
Constellation Ophiuchus
Right ascension 16h 59m 01.680s[1]
Declination −15° 15′ 28.73″[1]
Apparent magnitude (V) 26.2 − 27.5[2]
Characteristics
Evolutionary stage Black hole + red dwarf
Spectral type M2V[3]
Orbit
Period (P)2.414 ± 0.005 h[2]
Other designations
GRB 100925A, SWIFT J1659.2-1515[1]
Database references
SIMBADdata

The black hole and the star orbit their common center of mass. Because the star is the lighter object, it lies farther from this point and has to "travel around its larger orbit at a breakneck speed of two million kilometers per hour", 500 to 600 km/s, or about 20 times Earth's orbital velocity. The star was the fastest moving star ever seen in an X-ray binary system until the discovery of system 47 Tuc X9.[4] On the other hand, the black hole orbits at 'only' 150000 km/h.

The black hole in this compact pairing is at least three times more massive than the Sun, while its red dwarf companion star has a mass only 20% that of the Sun. The pair is separated by roughly a million kilometers – for comparison the distance to the Sun from Earth is about 150 million kilometers.[5]

See also

References
  1. "MAXI J1659-152". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 2021-03-01.
  2. Corral-Santana, Jesús M.; Torres, Manuel A P.; Shahbaz, Tariq; Bartlett, Elizabeth S.; Russell, David M.; Kong, Albert K H.; Casares, Jorge; Muñoz-Darias, Teodoro; Bauer, Franz E.; Homan, Jeroen; Jonker, Peter G.; Mata Sánchez, Daniel; Wevers, Thomas; Rodríguez-Gil, Pablo; Lewis, Fraser; Schreuder, Laurien (2018). "The long-term optical evolution of the black hole candidate MAXI J1659−152". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 475: 1036–1045. arXiv:1712.02349. doi:10.1093/mnras/stx3156.
  3. Jonker, P. G.; Miller-Jones, J. C. A.; Homan, J.; Tomsick, J.; Fender, R. P.; Kaaret, P.; Markoff, S.; Gallo, E. (2012). "The black hole candidate MAXI J1659-152 in and towards quiescence in X-ray and radio". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 423 (4): 3308–3315. arXiv:1204.4832. Bibcode:2012MNRAS.423.3308J. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21116.x. S2CID 19065997.
  4. Astronomers Just Found a Star Orbiting a Black Hole at 1 Percent the Speed of Light (2017)
  5. MAXI J1659-152: The shortest orbital period black-hole transient in outburst (2012)
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