Macedonian Voice (1913–1914)

Macedonian Voice (Russian: Македонский Голос, spelled in the pre-reformed Russian orthography: Македонскій Голосъ, Macedonian: Македонски Глас) was a newspaper that was published in Saint Petersburg between 1913 and 1914 by the Macedonian Scientific and Literary Society.[3][1] The issues of the newspaper were published monthly in Russian.[4][3]

Macedonian Voice
The front page of the first edition of the Macedonian Voice.
The front page of the first edition of the Macedonian Voice.[lower-alpha 1]
PublisherMacedonian Scientific and Literary Society
Editor-in-chiefDimitrija Čupovski
FoundedJune 9, 1913 (June 9, 1913)
LanguageRussian
Ceased publicationNovember 20, 1914 (November 20, 1914)
CitySaint Petersburg
CountryRussian Empire
Flag design idea by Macedonian Voice for an independent Macedonia featured on the 2nd page in its 9th edition on March 2, 1914.[2][lower-alpha 2]

Background

The newspaper was published in the period of the Balkan wars, thus its content was a reflection of the social and political context of that time.[5] Its intent was to generate discussion on the Macedonian Question and to put it on the agenda in the Russian Empire, as well as abroad. Before the newspaper was created, a number of Bulgarian language newspapers and societies of the same name were founded in the region of Macedonia, Bulgaria and the United States by Macedonian Bulgarians.[6][7]

Content

The newspaper was published in eleven editions.[5] The editor in all the editions was Dimitrija Čupovski.[3] The newspaper was a bulletin of a group of Slav Macedonian students in Russia, and it promoted the notion of a separate Macedonian people as distinct from the Greeks, Bulgarians and Serbs.[8] Some of its articles were written by Krste Misirkov.[9]

The newspaper opposed the division of Macedonia between Bulgaria, Greece, Serbia and Albania, as a result of the Bucharest treaty in 1913.[10] The editors were struggling to popularize the idea for an independent Macedonian state as is shown on the front page of the first edition published on June 9, 1913. They also demanded the re-establishment of the Archbishopric of Ohrid.[11] The historical importance for Macedonism of this newspaper has meant that numerous Macedonian language newspapers in Sweden, Australia, the United States and Bulgaria have been published later, that were named 'Macedonian Voice'. All of these newspapers have since closed.

Notes
  1. Under the title of the newspaper's front page, a quote from Boris Sarafov is present: "We Macedonians are neither Serbs nor Bulgarians, but simply Macedonians. The Macedonian people exist independently from the Bulgarian and Serbian people. We sympathize with both, Bulgarians and Serbs: whoever helps our liberation, we will say thank you to him, but the Bulgarians and Serbs should not forget that Macedonia is only for the Macedonians."[1]
  2. The flag titled as Macedonian Flag (Македоноское знамя) featured in the newspaper has the red horse in the left top corner and a sun in the right bottom corner over which is written "One Independent Macedonia" (Единя Независніиа Македониіа).

References
  1. Makedonska enciklopedija: M-Š (in Macedonian). Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts. 2009. pp. 879–880. ISBN 9786082030241.
  2. Jovan Jonovski (January 2022). "Историја на македoнското државно знаме - History of the Macedonian National Flag". Мaкедонски хералд - Macedonian Herald (18): 10–11. doi:10.47763/mher2218003j. Retrieved 31 December 2022.
  3. Vojislav Ilić (1971). Živan Milisavac (ed.). Jugoslovenski književni leksikon [Yugoslav Literary Lexicon] (in Serbo-Croatian). Novi Sad (SAP Vojvodina, SR Serbia): Matica srpska. p. 294.
  4. Rossos, Andrew (2013). Macedonia and the Macedonians. A History. Hoover Institution Press. p. 96. ISBN 9780817948832.
  5. Suslov, Mikhail; Čejka, Marek; Ðorđević, Vladimir, eds. (2023). Pan-Slavism and Slavophilia in Contemporary Central and Eastern Europe: Origins, Manifestations and Functions. Springer Nature. p. 216. ISBN 9783031178757.
  6. Borshukov, Georgi. History of Bulgarian Journalism 1844 - 1877 1878 - 1885. Second supplemented edition. Sofia, Science and Art, 1976. p. 515.
  7. Gadzhev, Ivan. History of Bulgarian Emigration to North America: An Inside Look, Volume 1, Institute of the History of Bulgarian Emigration to North America, Iliya T. Gadzhev, 2003, p. 368.
  8. Roumen Daskalov, Tchavdar Marinov. Entangled Histories of the Balkans, Volume One: National Ideologies and Language Policies, BRILL, 2013, ISBN 900425076X, p. 322. "Other members of the St. Petersburg circle from 1902–1903 seem more coherent in their Macedonian nationalism. Such is the case of Dimitrija Čupovski who, in 1913, started publishing the Russian-language journal Makedonskiy golos (Macedonian Voice). Both in it and in periodicals of Russian Slavophiles, Čupovski published a number of articles that emphasized Macedonians' distinctive ethnic character and countered Bulgarian, Greek and Serbian propaganda."
  9. Ersoy, Ahmet; Górny, Maciej; Kechriotis, Vangelis, eds. (2010). Modernism: Representations of National Culture. Central European University Press. p. 351. ISBN 9786155211942.
  10. Bechev, Dimitar (2019). Historical Dictionary of North Macedonia. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. p. 84. ISBN 9781538119624.
  11. Mihajlovski, Robert (2021). The Religious and Cultural Landscape of Ottoman Manastır. Brill. p. 219. ISBN 9789004465268.
  • Macedonian Voice (Makedonski Glas) (photographic edition), 1968, Skopje: Institute for National History
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