Magnesian Conglomerate

Magnesian Conglomerate
Magnesian Conglomerate
Stratigraphic range: Rhaetian; ~
	Cromhall Quarry, where an outcrop of the Magnesian Conglomerate is present
Type	Geological formation, fissure fill
Underlies	none
Overlies	Friars Point Limestone Formation?
Lithology
Primary	Breccia
Other	Limestone
Location
Coordinates	51.5°N 2.6°W
Approximate paleocoordinates	35.9°N 0.8°E
Region	South West England & South Wales
Country	England
Extent	Bristol
Type section
Named by	Henry Riley & Samuel Stutchbury
Year defined	1836
	Magnesian Conglomerate (England)

The Magnesian Conglomerate is a geological formation in Clifton, Bristol in England (originally Avon), Gloucestershire and southern Wales, present in Tytherington, Durdham Down and Cromhall Quarry. It dates back to the Rhaetian stage of the Late Triassic,[1][2] although it may be as old as the Norian stage of the Late Triassic and as young as the Hettangian stage of the Early Jurassic. This formation was first discovered in autumn 1834 and was studied in 1836 by Henry Riley and Samuel Stutchbury.[3]

The Avon Fissure Fill is probably the same formation as the Magnesian Conglomerate.[1]

Vertebrate paleofauna


Taxon	Species	Presence	Notes
Hwiccewyrm[4]	H. trispiculum[4]	Geographically present in Cromhall Quarry.[4]	Several specimens comprising a partial skeleton.[4] Discovered during the 1970s and listed as cf. Hypsognathus by Whiteside et al. (2016).[5]
Palaeosaurus[2][6]	P. cylindrodon[2][6]	Geographically present in Avon, England (now Bristol) and Bristol.[2]	Two teeth (one destroyed in 1940).[2]
Theropoda[2]	Indeterminate[2]	Geographically present in Avon, England (now Bristol) and Bristol.[2]	Indeterminate remains.[2] Possibly similar to Pendraig milnerae.[7]
Thecodontosaurus[2]	T. antiquus[2]	Geographically present in Avon, England (now Bristol) and Bristol.[2]	Partial cranial and postcranial remains (holotype is a lower jaw).[2]

Magnesian Conglomerate in the Paleobiology Database
Weishampel et al., 2004, pp. 521–525
Riley & Stutchbury, 1836
Butler, R. J.; Meade, L. E.; Cleary, T. J.; McWhirter, K. T.; Brown, E. E.; Kemp, T. S.; Benito, J.; Fraser, N. C. (2023). "Hwiccewyrm trispiculum gen. et sp. nov., a new leptopleuronine procolophonid from the Late Triassic of southwest England". The Anatomical Record. doi:10.1002/ar.25316. PMID 37735997.
Whiteside, D. I., Duffin, C. J., Gill, P. G., Marshall, J. E. A., & Benton, M. J. (2016). The Late Triassic and Early Jurassic fissure faunas from Bristol and South Wales: Stratigraphy and setting. Palaeontologia Polonica, 67, 257–287.
Galton, Peter (2007). "Notes on the remains of archosaurian reptiles, mostly basal sauropodomorph dinosaurs, from the 1834 fissure fill (Rhaetian, Upper Triassic) at Clifton in Bristol, southwest England". Revue de Paléobiologie. 26 (2): 505–591.
Spiekman SN, Ezcurra MD, Butler RJ, Fraser NC, Maidment SC (2021). "Pendraig milnerae, a new small-sized coelophysoid theropod from the Late Triassic of Wales". Royal Society Open Science. 8 (10): Article ID 210915. doi:10.1098/rsos.210915. PMC 8493203. PMID 34754500.

Foffa, D.; D. I. Whiteside; P. A. Viegas, and M. J. Benton. 2014. Vertebrates from the Late Triassic Thecodontosaurus-bearing rocks of Durdham Down, Clifton (Bristol, UK). Proceedings of the Geologists' Association 125. 317–332. .
Weishampel, David B.; Peter Dodson, and Halszka Osmólska (eds.). 2004. The Dinosauria, 2nd edition, 1–880. Berkeley: University of California Press. Accessed 2019-02-21. ISBN 0-520-24209-2
Riley, H., and S. Stutchbury. 1836. A description of various fossil remains of three distinct saurian animals discovered in the autumn of 1834 in the Magnesian Conglomerate on Durdham Down near Bristol. Proceedings of the Geological Society 2. 397–399. .

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