Main Agency of Automobiles and Tanks of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

The Main Automotive-Armoured Directorate of the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation (Russian: Главное автобронетанковое управление МО РФ, romanized: Glavnoye Avtobronetankovoye Upravleniye MO RF, abbr. GABTU; another translation: Main Directorate of Armoured Forces) is a department of the Russian Ministry of Defence which is subordinated to the Chief of Armaments and Munitions of the Armed Forces, vice-minister of defense (nachal'nik vooruzheniya VS RF – zamestitel' Ministra oborony RF).

Emblem of the Main Agency of Automobiles and Tanks of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

In January 1943, the Main Automobile Directorate (GAU) of the Red Army was formed.

In January 1946, the Main Automobile Directorate of the Red Army was transformed into the Automobile Directorate of the Armed Forces of the USSR.

In 1949, on the basis of the Automotive Directorate of the Armed Forces and the Tractor Directorate of the GAU of the Armed Forces, the Main Automotive and Tractor Directorate (GAVTU) was formed.

In 1953, the Main Automotive Directorate was transformed into the Autotractor Directorate (AVTU) of the Ministry of Defence.

In 1961, the Autotractor Directorate was transformed into the Central Autotractor Directorate (TSAVTU) of the Ministry of Defence.

In December 1982, the Central Automobile and Tractor Directorate of the Ministry of Defence was renamed the Main Automobile Directorate (GLAVTU) of the Ministry of Defence.

Main Armored Directorate

In December 1994, the GBTU of the Russian Ministry of Defense and the GLAVTU of the Russian Ministry of Defense were reorganized into the Main Armored Directorate of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation (GABTU of the Russian Ministry of Defense). Today it is the main developer of military-technical policy in the field of military vehicles and armored weapons and equipment. It is also the main customer and supplier of armored and automotive equipment to the troops.

The T-80 performed so poorly that after the First Chechen War that General-Lieutenant A. Galkin, the head of the Main Armour Directorate, convinced the Minister of Defence to never again procure tanks with gas-turbine engines.[1]

On November 22, 2019, the Main Armored Directorate was awarded the Diploma of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation.[2]

Heads of the Main Armored Directorate

  • 1992—1996 — Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Galkin — colonel general (ru:Галкин, Александр Александрович (генерал))
  • 1996—2004 — Sergey Aleksandrovich Mayev — colonel general
  • 2004—2007 — Vladislav Aleksandrovich Polonsky — colonel general, General Major Vladislav Polonskiy was identified by Krasnaya Zvezda on September 14, 2004.[3]
  • 2007—2009 — Nikolay Fyodorovich Yershov — lieutenant general
  • 2009– 2019 — Aleksandr Aleksandrovich ShevchenkoMajor General.[4]
  • 2019–2021 – Sergey Vladimirovich Bibik – Major General
  • 2022–present – Aleksandr Anatolyevich Shestakov – Lieutenant General

Object numbers

GABTU is responsible for assignment of object (Russian: Объект) numbers to almost all the tanks and other combat vehicles entering service in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. Объект is often transliterated as objekt, obyekt, ob'yekt, obyect, obiekt, etc. These names are sometimes referred to incorrectly as "industry designation" or "factory names".

The initial digit corresponds to the design bureau.

  • 1-99 Gorky Automobile Factory (GAZ)
  • 100-199 Ural Railway Car Building Factory (Uralvagonzavod plant №183)
  • 201-299 Leningrad Kirov Plant (LKZ)
  • 300-349 Ural Plant of Transport Engineering (UZTM)
  • 400-499 Malyshev Factory (HZTM)
  • 500 Omsktransmash (plant №174)
  • 501-549 Rubtsovsk Engineering Works
  • 550-599 Mytishchi Machine Building Factory (MMZ)
  • 600-699 Kurgan Engineering Factory (KMZ)
  • 700-799 Chelyabinsk Kirov (Tractor) Plant (ChKZ, ChTZ)
  • 800-849 Various
  • 850-899 Moscow Automobile Factory (ZIS, ZIL)
  • 900-999 Stalingrad (Volgograd) Tractor Factory (STZ, VgTZ)
  • 1000-1050 Kutaisi Automotive Factory (KAZ)[5]

List

Object Number Vehicle Type Year Notes
010MT-LBuArmoured transporter
019Infantry fighting vehicleExperimental wheeled IFV
105SU-100PSelf propelled gun1949Experimental, rear mounted 100 mm D-50/D-10
108SU-152GSelf propelled gunExperimental, with 152 mm D-1
112BTR-112Armoured personnel carrier105 variant
115 Medium tank
116 Light tank 8 ton experimental. never built.
116SU-152PSelf propelled gunExperimental, with 152 mm M-53
117SPU-117Self propelled floodlight
120SU-152 "Taran"Tank destroyer1965
125Light tank
126T-50Light tank1941
135T-34-85Medium tank1943
136T-44Medium tank1944
137-1T-54-1Main battle tank1946M1946
137GT-54AMain battle tank
137G2T-54BMain battle tank
137G2KT-54BKMain battle tank
137GKT-54AKMain battle tankCommand version
137GMT-54AMMain battle tank137G modernization
137GMKT-54AMKMain battle tank137GM command version
137KT-54KMain battle tank137-3 command version
137MT-54MMain battle tank137-1, 137-2, 137-3 modernization
137MKT-54MKMain battle tank137M command version
137RT-54-2Main battle tank1949M1949
137ShT-54-3Main battle tank1951M1951
138SU-100Tank destroyer1944
139T-54MMain battle tankAccepted for service, but not produced
140Main battle tank1954 Accepted for service, but not produced
141Main battle tank1953 Modernization of the Object 137
142Main battle tank1954 Variant of the 140 but with a chassis similar to that of Object 155, accepted for service, but not produced
148 T-14 Main battle tank 2015
149 T-15 Infantry fighting vehicle 2015
150IT-1Main battle tank1968Missile armed
155T-55Main battle tank
155AT-55AMain battle tank
155AD-1T-55AD-1Main battle tank1983155A with Drozd and V-46-5M engine
155ADT-55ADMain battle tank1983155A with Drozd
155AKT-55AKMain battle tank155A command version
155KT-55KMain battle tank155 command version
155MT-55MMain battle tank1984
165T-62A Main battle tank1959
165KMain battle tankCommand version of the 165
165PMain battle tankVariant of the 165 with increased radiation protection
166T-62Main battle tank1959Based on the 165 but unlike the 165 it was armed with the smooth-bore U-5TS
166DT-62DMain battle tank1983166 with Drozd
166KT-62KMain battle tank1964Command version of 166
166PT-62PMain battle tankVariant of the 166 with increased radiation protection
166KNT-62KMain battle tank1964166 with TNA-2 Navigational Aid
166M-1T-62M-1Main battle tank166M with different engine
166MT-62MMain battle tank1983166 modernization
166M1-1T-62M1-1Main battle tank166M-1 without missile
166M1-2-1T-62M1-2-1Main battle tank166M-1 without missile or armor upgrade
166M1-2T-62M1-2Main battle tank166M without missile or armor upgrade
166M1T-62M1Main battle tank166M without missile
166M1V-1T-62M1V-1Main battle tank166M1-1 with K-1 ERA
166M1VT-62M1VMain battle tank166M1 with K-1 ERA
166MD-1T-62MD-1Main battle tank1983166M-1 with Drozd
166MDT-62MDMain battle tank1983166M with Drozd
166MK-1T-62MK-1Main battle tank166M-1 command version
166MKT-62MKMain battle tank166M command version
166MV-1T-62MV-1Main battle tank1985166M-1 with K-1 ERA
166MVT-62MVMain battle tank1985166M with K-1 ERA
167Main battle tank1963Modernization of the 166
167TUMain battle tank167 variant with a new turbine engine
174MT-72B1Main battle tank
187T-72BMMain battle tank
188T-72BU / T-90Main battle tank
188MT-90MMain battle tank
195T-95Main battle tank
199BMPTTank support fighting vehicle1995
211Light tank126 (T-50) with changed hull
212Self propelled gun1941
217PPG tanketteTankette1941Single prototype
219T-80Main battle tank1976
219A"Olkha"Main battle tank219R with 476 turret
219AST-80UMain battle tank1983Merged 219A and 219V
219ET-80BM1Main battle tank219R with Arena
219RT-80BMain battle tank1979
220KV-220Heavy tank1941Single prototype with an 85 mm gun
221KV-221Heavy tank1941Single prototype
222KV-222Heavy tank1941Single prototype
223KV-3Heavy tank1941Single prototype
224KV-4Super heavy tankNever built
225KV-5Heavy tankCancelled
226KV-6Heavy tank1941Flamethrower tank, single prototype
227KV-7Self propelled gun1941Single prototype
228KV-8Heavy tankFlamethrower tank
229KV-9Heavy tank1941Prototype
230KV-10Heavy tank1942Single prototype. Also known as KV-1K. A KV-1S with 4 rocket launchers on the back of the hull
232KV-12Heavy tankExperimental chemical tank
233KV-13Medium tankPrototype
234KV-234Heavy tankAlso known as the "Super KV-2". A failed attempt to place a 203mm gun into a fully rotating turret on the chassis of the KV-1
236SU-152Self propelled gun1943Initially KV-14
237IS-1Heavy tank1943Also known as IS-85
239KV-85Heavy tank1943
240IS-2Heavy tank1943
241ISU-152Self propelled gun1943M1943
241KISU-152KSelf propelled gun1953
241MISU-152MSelf propelled gun1959
242ISU-122Self propelled gun1944
243ISU-122BM Self propelled gun
244Heavy tank1944240 variant
245IS-4Heavy tank240 variant
246ISU-152BMSelf propelled gun1944241 variant. Also known as ISU-152BM-1 & ISU152-1
247ISU-152-2Self propelled gun1944
248IS-5Heavy tank
250ISU-130Self propelled gun
252IS-6Heavy tankExperimental, armed with 122mm D-30(unrelated to the 2A18)
253IS-6Heavy tank252 variant, electro-mechanical transmission and 240 chassis
254Heavy tankPlanned
255Heavy tankPlanned
256Heavy tankPlanned
257Heavy tankPlanned
258Heavy tank1945Planned
259Heavy tank1945Planned
260IS-7Heavy tank1945
261Heavy tank1945Planned, designation was later reused
261Self propelled gun1947Self propelled gun based on the 260 it had a forward fighting closed compartment and was armed with the 152mm M-31 with a muzzle velocity 880 m/s
262Self propelled gun1947Variant of the 261 SPG both of which were based on the 260, it had a rear fighting compartment and was armed with the 152mm M-48 with a muzzle velocity of 1000 m/s
263Self propelled gun1948Direct fire SPG based on the 260, it was armed with 130mm S-70A.
268Tank destroyer730 chassis
271Self propelled gun
272T-10MHeavy tankLeningrad-Built
272KT-10MKHeavy tank1959272 command version
273Self propelled gun
277-Heavy tank1958
279-Heavy tank19574 prototypes; it can withstand against nuclear explosions
282Main battle tank1961Missile armed
287Main battle tankMissile armed (Taifun)
288Main battle tankT-80 engine prototype
292Main battle tank1990Prototype
416SU-100MMedium tank1951While designed as a medium tank it was later re-designated as an SPG and given the name SU-100M
3172S19 MstaSelf propelled artillery1989
327 Self propelled artillery 1987
430Main battle tank1952Medium tank that would serve the basis of the 432 and thus the T-64
432T-64 Main battle tank1962Initial production run of the T-64, armed with the 115mm D-68.
434T-64AMain battle tank1967
435Main battle tank1960 Modernization of the 430, unlike the 430 it was armed with the U-5TS
436Main Battle tank1965Variant of the 432 with a new engine
437T-64AMain battle tank Variant of the 432 with a new engine
447AT-64BMain battle tank
450T-74Main battle tankPrototype
476Main battle tank1976437 development
477"Molot"Main battle tank1987Prototype
478BT-80UDMain battle tank"Bereza"
481OT-54Main battle tankFlamethrower variant
482OT-55Main battle tankFlamethrower variant
483Main battle tankFlamethrower variant, not produced
500ZSU-57-2Anti Aircraft
600IT-1221949Also SU-122-54. Tank destroyer based on 137 hull
630T-80BKMain battle tank219R command version
630AT-80UKMain battle tank219AS command version
634TOS-1Self propelled rocket launcher1988
640"Black Eagle"Main battle tank
675BMP-2Infantry fighting vehicle1980's
685Light tank1975Light tank prototype
688BMP-3Infantry combat vehicle
701-2IS-4Heavy tankTested with 122mm D-25T, 100mm S-34-II, 122mm S-34-I
701-5IS-4Heavy tankPrototype IS-4
701-6IS-4Heavy tank1949Prototype IS-4
703IS-3Heavy tank1945240 variant
704ISU-152 M1945Self propelled gun1945Single prototype variant
705Heavy tank1945
705AHeavy tank1948Based on the 705 it was also rear turreted and weighed 100 tons
715 Self propelled gun1947SPG based on the 701(IS-4) it was armed with a high power 152mm gun
717 Bridge layer 1947Bridge layer based on the 701(IS-4)
730T-10 Heavy tank1949
730AT-10AHeavy tank
730BT-10BHeavy tank1957
730BKT-10BKHeavy tank730B command version
734T-10MHeavy tankChelyabinsk built
740PT-76Light tank1949Amphibious
757Main battle tankMissile armed
764Infantry fighting vehicleBMP-1 prototype competitor
765BMP-1Infantry fighting vehicle1966
770-Heavy tank1955One prototype
770-K Command Variant of the 770
775Main battle tank1962Missile armed
777 Heavy tank 1953 Planned
780Main battle tank1971Prototype
785Main Battle tank1978Prototype
906Light tankIntended to be a successor of the 740; Amphibious
907Main Battle tankPlanned, designation was later reused
914Infantry fighting vehicleBMD-1 prototype, former BMP-1 competitor
915BMD-1Infantry fighting vehicle1969
916BMD-2Infantry fighting vehicle1985
925BTR-DInfantry fighting vehicle1975
934Light tank1962Prototype; Amphibious
950BMD-3Infantry fighting vehicle1990
9522S25 Sprut-SDLight tank
955BTR-MDInfantry fighting vehicle
958RKhM-5Infantry fighting vehicleChemical reconnaissance
960BMD-4Infantry fighting vehicle
1200Infantry fighting vehicleWheeled BMP-1

See also

References

  1. Mikhail Zakharchuk, 'Uroki Chechenskogo krizisa' (Lessons of the Chechen crisis), Armeyskiy sbornik, April 1995
  2. "The Main Armored Directorate of the Ministry of Defense was awarded the diploma of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief / [[TASS]], November 22, 2019". Archived from the original on 2020-02-06. Retrieved 2019-11-22.
  3. Translation and English-language title is as provided by Harriet Fast Scott and William F. Scott, Russian Military Directory 2004, p.108
  4. Head of the Main Armored Division of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation (Russian)
  5. Pavlov, M.V. ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННЫЕ БРОНИРОВАННЫЕ МАШИНЫ 1945-1965 гг. Arms and equipment.
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