Majiyohan

Majiyohan (also known as Majayahan, Mijayahan, Manja-Yihan or Majiyahan), is a town in the northeastern Bari region of Somalia. Situated in the autonomous Puntland region. It is located at the northern foothills of the eastern end of the Galgala Mountains, which extend from east to west. It is mainly inhabited by the Dubays branch of the Warsangali clan.[1]: 124 

Majiyohan
Town
Majiyohan is located in Somalia
Majiyohan
Majiyohan
Location in Somalia.
Coordinates: 11°4′19″N 49°0′52″E
Country Somalia
Regional State Puntland
RegionBari, Somalia
DistrictBosaso District
Time zoneUTC+3 (EAT)

It is a center for mining and is noted for its mineral resources. The latter have been estimated at 200,000 t at a grade of 0.074% tin, 0.011% tantalum, 0.098% rubidium, and 0.036% cesium.[2] There is a dispute between local residents and the Puntland government over the concession.[1]: 124 

History

Before the Somali Civil War

In 1948, the British government demolished the quarry in Majiyohan as part of its policy of occupying Italian Somaliland.[3]

In the 1970s, the Somali government gave the mining rights in Majiyohan to a Bulgarian company.[1]: 124  In 1979, the mine produced 134 tons of tin concentrate, but was abandoned when the Bulgarian company withdrew.[4]

After the Somali Civil War

In 2006, an underground resources survey team, including military units sent by Puntland, was attacked by local militias in Majdijohan.[5] This led to a battle between the Warsangali clans and the Puntland government. There were 600 Puntland troops and 80-100 Warsangali militia.[1]: 126  The Somaliland government may or may not have supported the Warsangali militia.[1]: 128  This battle led the Warsangali clan to distance themselves from the Puntland government and establish Maakhir State.[1]: 130  Also related to this conflict, Caydiid Axmed Nuur defected from Puntland to Somaliland.[6]

Majiyohan businessman Mohamed Said Atom aided the Warsangali militia and then rapidly rose to power as a military leader.[7]

In October 2017, Puntland Security Force conducted a cleanup operation in Majiyohan and other areas in the Galgala Mountains, including Al-Shabaab.[8]

In August 2021, the Puntland Maritime Police conducted an operation in Majiyohan to clean up armed groups belonging to al-Shabaab and ISIS countries.[9]

Notes
  1. Markus Virgil Hoehne (2015). "Between Somaliland and Puntland" (PDF). Retrieved 2021-08-22.
  2. United States Bureau of Mines, Geological Survey (2000). Minerals Yearbook, Volume 3. The Bureau. pp. 12–15.
  3. "This Year in History: British Military Occupation of Somalia: a difficult time". hiiraan.com. 2019-03-18. Retrieved 2022-04-04.
  4. UNITED NATIONS NDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION (13 October 1988). "INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT REVIEW SERIES SOMALIA". Retrieved 2022-04-06.
  5. "UNICEF Somalia Monthly Review Mar 2006". reliefweb.int. 2006-03-31. Retrieved 2022-04-04.
  6. "Taliyihii ciidanka Somaliland ee bariga gobolka Sanaag oo ciidan & tekniko ula soo galay Puntlan". puntlandes.com. 2019-02-05. Retrieved 2022-04-04.
  7. United Nations Security Council (10 December 2008). "Monitoring Group reports S/2008/769". Retrieved 2022-04-09.
  8. "Ciidanka Aminga Puntland oo sheegay in howlgal ay ka sameeyeen buuraha Galgala ay ku dileen dagaalyahano katirsan Al-Shabaab". puntlandmirror.net. 2017-10-10. Retrieved 2022-04-06.
  9. "Ciidamada Badda Puntland oo Howlgalo qorshaysan ka sameeyay gobollada Bari & Sanaag". daljir.com. 2021-08-30. Retrieved 2022-04-04.

References
  • Satellite images of the tin mining area at Majiyohan: here and here.
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