Manó Kogutowicz

Manó Kogutowicz or Emanuel Thomas Kogutovicz (Groß Seelowitz, December 21, 1851 – Budapest, December 22, 1908) was a Polish-Hungarian cartographer, and the founder of the Hungarian Geographical Institute.[1]

Kogutowicz with one of his globes, c. 1900

Career

After the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867, the Kingdom of Hungary was able to partially re-establish its sovereignty and expanded its influence in public life and administration. The following year, the Elementary Education Act of 1868 was passed that required school attendance from ages 6 to 15, with a penalty for disobedience. The law also stipulated that students would be instructed in their own native languages.[2] However there were no Hungarian-language maps or atlases available for elementary or secondary education. Kogutowicz published a small school atlas with 5 pages of maps of Budapest and the surrounding area. The initial atlas ('Small Atlas with a county map for 3rd grade pupils of elementary schools') was popular and Kogutowicz gradually added to it over the next ten years, totally to 13 pages.[3] Kogutowicz was able to convince the Hungarian ministry of education, and the minister Albin Csáky, of the importance of a Hungarian cartography institute. The ministry subsequently placed an order for the school maps to come from Kogutowicz's institute in 1890, the same year it was founded.[4] Much acclaimed in and out of Hungary, the atlases won a gold medal at the 1900 Paris Exposition.

1908 map of Budapest

After the success of the school atlases, Kogutowicz's company, Kogutowicz & Co., established in 1892, was contracted by the Ministry of Defense in 1900 to supply military schools with atlases. Kogutowicz's son, Károly, also worked as a cartographer for the company and continued the business after his father's death.

References
  1. Márton, Mátyás (2009), Csiki, B.; Bartos-Elekes, Zs (eds.), Kogutowicz's Globes in the Virtual Globes Museum, Budapest, Cluj-Napoca: Cholnoky Jenő Geographic Society; Babeş-Bolyai University, Faculty of Geography, pp. 169–176, ISBN 978-973-88970-4-5, retrieved 2022-02-23
  2. Kohn, Hans (1961). The Habsburg Empire, 1804-1918. An Anvil original, 52. Van Nostrand.
  3. Klinghammer, István; Reyes Nuñez, José Jesús (2017-10-02). "A Brief Retrospection on Hungarian School Atlases". The Cartographic Journal. 54 (4): 333–342. doi:10.1080/00087041.2017.1400220. hdl:10831/66324. ISSN 0008-7041. S2CID 135207680.
  4. Zentai, László (2018-04-03). "The Transformation of Relief Representation on Topographic Maps in Hungary: From Hachures to Contour Lines". The Cartographic Journal. 55 (2): 150–158. doi:10.1080/00087041.2018.1433475. hdl:10831/66243. ISSN 0008-7041.



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