Mar's Wark

Mar's Wark is a ruined building in Stirling built 1570–1572 by John Erskine, Regent of Scotland and Earl of Mar, and now in the care of Historic Scotland. Mar intended the building for the principal residence of the Erskine family in Stirling, whose chief had become hereditary keeper of the nearby royal Stirling Castle where the princes of Scotland were schooled. The house was known as "Mar's Lodging."

Mar's Wark
East façade of Mar's Wark at the head of Broad Street
LocationSt John Street, Stirling, Scotland
Coordinates56.1211°N 3.9441°W / 56.1211; -3.9441
Built1572
Built forJohn Erskine, Earl of Mar
Designated31 December 1921
Reference no.SM90289
Mar's Wark is located in Stirling
Mar's Wark
Location of Mar's Wark in Stirling council area

Wark is a Scots language word for work, and here it stands for Workhouse. Stirling Town Council took control of the building in 1733, and converted it into a Workhouse (hence "Mar's Wark"). So it remained until the 1745 Jacobite rising, when it was occupied by Jacobite troops and was then badly damaged by cannon fire from the government garrison in the castle. The Town Council abandoned the building and relocated the Workhouse elsewhere in the town (now city). However, the site continued to be known as Mar's Wark, or sometimes Mar's Work until the present day.

Description

The building fronts the kirk yard of the Holy Rude Church and sits at the head of the processional route to Stirling Castle above the town's tollbooth. The windowless front façade survives lacking its upper storey, access is possible to the first floor. The basement vaults have doors and windows to the street and may have been intended for shops.

The façade is nearly symmetrical around a gatehouse frontispiece with two polygonal towers. Liberal carved stone decoration is based on European print-sources or decorative arts with royal and Erskine heraldry, and wry inscriptions. A motif of the letter "A" with the earl's coronet points to a variant version of the family name, as "Areskine," or possibly the initial of Mar's countess, Annabella Murray. Traditionally it has been alleged that the carvings include stones re-cycled from Cambuskenneth Abbey.

The general articulation and architectural mouldings closely reflect royal buildings, especially the palace at Stirling Castle. The Earl of Mar may well have called upon the skills of the royal Master of Work to the Crown of Scotland of the time, William MacDowall.[1]

The Wark is now protected by the Scottish Government as a scheduled monument.[2]

Inscriptions

The middle Scots inscriptions[3] carved on the gatehouse centrepiece refer to the onlooker's appreciation of the architecture and the eminence of the Regent himself in the building's own voice:

South tower
I pray all luikaris on this luging
With gentile E to gif thair juging
I pray all lookers on this lodging,
With gentle eye to give their judging.
North tower
The moir I stand on oppin hitht
My faultis moir subject ar to sitht
The more I stand on open height,
My faults more subject are to sight.
(As I am so prominent, so my faults are more obvious)
Internal (exit) arch
Esspy speik furth and spair nocht
Considder veil I cair notht
See, speak forth and spare not (or possibly; question not),
Consider well, I care not.[4]

History

It is often said that the building was never finished,[5] but there is little evidence for this, although it was probably unfinished at the death of Regent Mar in October 1572. It seems from the records of Stirling burgh that his widow Countess Annabella continued to use the building. In April 1584 supporters of the Earl of Angus were ordered to surrender the castle and the town gates of Stirling with the "lodging of Annabell, Countess of Mar, and other places of fortification."[6] The captive Earl of Gowrie was brought to the "Lady Marrs House" for his trial in May 1584.[7]

In December 1593 Anne of Denmark, pregnant with Prince Henry came to Stirling and was first lodged in the Earl of Argyll's house, then Lady Mar's lodging until her rooms in castle were ready.[8] In May 1595 a banquet for the marriage of the king's mistress Anne Murray and Lord Glamis was to be held at the Countess of Mar's new house in Stirling.[9] In 1602 a French ambassador, the Baron de Tour came to Stirling and had a talk with the Countess in "Lady Mar's House".[10]

As the lodging commands Broad Street and the town it was later used to mount artillery during civil unrest. The building seems to be mentioned in this context in May 1578, when there was a discussion about holding a parliament in the tolbooth, and copies of documents refer to "Lady Maries House", possibly meaning "Lady Mar's House".[11]

References
  1. Miles Glendinning, Ranald MacInnes, Aonghus MacKechnie, A History of Scottish Architure, EUP, (1996), pp.60-61.
  2. Historic Environment Scotland. "Stirling, Mar's Wark, uncompleted residence (SM90289)". Retrieved 25 March 2019.
  3. Shearer's guide to Stirling, Dunblane, Callander, the Trossachs and Loch Lomond Killin, Loch Tay, Loch Awe, Crianlarich, and Oban. Stirling: R. S. Shearer & Son. 1895. p. 10. Retrieved 5 April 2017.
  4. Fleming, J. S., (1905), 167.
  5. Ronald, James; Small, John William (1905). The Earl of Mar's Lodging, Stirling: Historical and Architectural. E. Mackay. p. 22. Retrieved 5 April 2017.
  6. David Masson, Register of the Privy Council of Scotland: 1578-1585, vol. 3 (Edinburgh, 1880), p. 657: William Boyd, Calendar State Papers Scotland, vol. 7 (Edinburgh, 1913), p. 61 no. 58.
  7. William Boyd, Calendar State Papers Scotland: 1584-1585, vol. 7 (Edinburgh, 1913), p. 104.
  8. David Moysie, Memoirs of the affairs of Scotland (Edinburgh, 1830), p. 112.
  9. Thomas Birch, Memoirs of the reign of Queen Elizabeth, vol. 1 (London, 1754), p. 248.
  10. Calendar State Papers Scotland: 1597-1603, vol. 13 (Edinburgh, 1969), p. 1040.
  11. Calendar State Papers Scotland: 1574-1581, vol. 5 (Edinburgh, 1907), p. 291 citing TNA SP52/27 ff. 37, 38.

Further reading
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.