Margaret Calderwood

Margaret Calderwood (1715 – 1774) was a Scottish diarist just after the Jacobite uprising of 1745. She wrote of her journeys through England to Brussels, but this work was not published until the 19th century.

Margaret Calderwood
by Allan Ramsay
Born1715
Died1774
NationalityBritish
Known forDiaries
The grave of Margaret Calderwood, Old Kirkyard, Lasswade

Life

Margaret was the daughter of Sir James Steuart of Coltness, a Steuart baronet.[1]

In 1735, the year that she married Thomas Calderwood of Polton,[1] she was painted by the leading Scottish portrait painter Allan Ramsay.[2]

She came to notice when her brother had to go into exile as he was involved in the 1745 rebellion.[3] Calderwood met her brother in Liège and she wrote letters, in addition to keeping a journal from her departure on 3 June 1756. Her brother was living in the southern Netherlands because he was on a list of traitors. She visited him there with her husband, two servants and her sons, William and James.[1]

At the end of 1756 she realised the value of her journals and letters and she was the first to edit them into what she called volumes. They described her journey from Scotland and through England to Rotterdam, Delft, the Hague, Haarlem, and Amsterdam, her meeting in Liège with her brother and on to Brussels. Calderwood describes contemporary transport, food and water, fuel, money, agriculture, religion and education.[1] In a memorable description of her journey through England she admires the cows as the people lack what she calls "smartness" more than any other "folks."[4]

In 1771 Calderwood's brother was forgiven for his traitorous past; he returned to Britain in 1773. Calderwood and her husband died shortly afterwards.[1] In 1774 a monument to Calderwood was commissioned from Robert and James Adam. The monument was probably ordered by her son Lieutenant-Colonel William Calderwood. The monument was not built for Calderwood but the design was used in 1992 to create a monument to Robert Adam in Edinburgh.[3]

Calderwood's diaries were published more widely in 1884;[4] previously they had only been circulated via the Maitland Club in 1842.[5]

She is buried in the old Kirkyard at Lasswade with her husband, in the plot of her father-in-law, Sir William Calderwood, Lord Polton.

References
  1. Stuart W. McDonald, ‘Calderwood, Margaret (1715–1774)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, Sept 2010 accessed 12 Jan 2015
  2. Portrait of Katherine Hall of Dunglass d.1745 1730s Archived 12 March 2017 at the Wayback Machine, historicalportraits.com, retrieved 11 January 2015
  3. The drawings of Robert and James Adam, retrieved 12 January 2015
  4. Manning, period ed.: Susan (2007). Enlightenment, Britain and Empire (1707–1918) (transferred to digital print ed.). Edinburgh: Edinburgh Univ. Press. p. 278. ISBN 978-0748624812.
  5. A Journey in England, Holland, and the Low Countries. Maitland Club. 1842. Retrieved 12 January 2015.
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