Peggy Schuyler

Margarita "Peggy" Schuyler Van Rensselaer (September 19, 1758 – March 14, 1801) was the third daughter of Continental Army General Philip Schuyler. She was the wife of Stephen Van Rensselaer III, sister of Angelica Schuyler Church, Philip Jeremiah Schuyler, and Elizabeth Schuyler Hamilton, and sister-in-law of John Barker Church and Alexander Hamilton.

Margarita (Peggy) Schuyler Van Rensselaer
Unknown artist. Reproduced in 1897's A Godchild of Washington: A Picture of the Past.
Born
Margarita Schuyler

(1758-09-19)September 19, 1758
Albany, Province of New York
DiedMarch 14, 1801(1801-03-14) (aged 42)
Albany, New York, U.S.
Resting placeAlbany Rural Cemetery, Menands, New York
Spouse
​
​
(m. 1783)​
Children3, including Stephen Van Rensselaer IV
Parent(s)Philip Schuyler
Catherine Van Rensselaer
RelativesSee Schuyler family

Early life
Photo of page in Schuyler family Bible noting Peggy Schuyler's birth. Notation is in Dutch: the English translation of the relevant portion is "1758 19th September- Margaret- Lord Give her peace on Earth & everlasting Glory".

Peggy Schuyler was born in Albany, New York on September 19, 1758, the third daughter of Catherine Van Rensselaer Schuyler (1734–1803) and Philip Schuyler (1733–1804), a wealthy patroon and major general in the Continental Army during the American Revolution. She had seven siblings who lived to adulthood, including Philip Jeremiah Schuyler (1768–1835), Angelica Schuyler Church (1756–1814) and Elizabeth Schuyler Hamilton (1757–1854).

Her maternal grandparents were Johannes van Rensselaer (1707/08–1783) and his first wife, Engeltje Livingston (1698–1746/47). Johannes was the grandson of Hendrick van Rensselaer (1667–1740).

The Schuyler family was among the wealthy Dutch landowners who had settled around Albany in the mid-1600s, and both her mother and father came from wealthy and well-regarded families. Despite the unrest of the French and Indian War, which her father served in and which was fought in part near her childhood home, Peggy's childhood was spent comfortably, including receiving from her mother a basic education and training in domestic skills including sewing. Like most Dutch families of the area, the Schuylers attended the Dutch Reformed Church in Albany.[1]

American Revolution

On August 7, 1781, a group of Tories and Native Americans forced their way into the Schuyler Mansion in Albany, searching for Philip Schuyler, whom they intended to make a prisoner of war.[2] According to a story which may be legend, family members and guests, including Eliza and Angelica, who were both pregnant, ran downstairs to hide, but soon realized they had left Philip and Catharine Schuyler's newborn daughter, Catharine (1781–1857), downstairs.[2] Peggy went downstairs to get the baby, but was threatened by one of the Native Americans, who asked where Philip was. Thinking quickly, Peggy replied that Schuyler had "gone to alarm the town".[2] Fearing capture, the raiders fled, but one threw a tomahawk at Peggy, who was running upstairs with the child.[3] The tomahawk left a cut mark in the banister, which the Schuyler family supposedly left in place as a memento.[4] This detail begins to appear in published works in the 1830s,[5] but no contemporary evidence of it can be found in the letters and records of Philip Schuyler or of the Loyalists, under the direction of Captain John Walter Meyer, who led the raid.[6]

Personal life

In June 1783, Peggy married Stephen Van Rensselaer III (1764–1839), a distant cousin, who was 19 at the time; she was almost 25 when they eloped. Stephen was the eldest child of Stephen Van Rensselaer II, the ninth patroon of Rensselaerswyck, and Catharina Livingston, daughter of Philip Livingston, a signer of the Declaration of Independence.[7] The Van Rensselaers were one of the richest and most politically influential families in New York. Some friends and family argued that Van Rensselaer was "far too young" to be married, but most agreed that the marriage to Peggy would help further his career.[8] Upon attaining his majority at age 21, Van Rensselaer assumed responsibility as lord of Van Rensselaer Manor as his father had died when he was only five years old.[7] By 1789, their marriage had resulted in three children, all of whom were baptized at the Dutch Reformed Church in Albany.[9] Only one survived to adulthood: Stephen Van Rensselaer IV (1789–1868).[10]

Peggy became ill in 1799. Her condition worsened during the winter of 1800–01, and she died on March 14, 1801. According to Ron Chernow, Alexander Hamilton was in Albany for legal business when her health declined. "Hamilton visited her bedside often and kept Eliza posted on developments. When Hamilton finished his court work, Peggy asked him to stay for a few days, and he complied with her wishes. In mid-March, Hamilton had to send Eliza a somber note: ‘On Saturday, my dear Eliza, your sister took leave of her sufferings and friends, I trust, to find repose and happiness in a better country.’"[4] She was originally buried in the family plot at the Van Rensselaer estate, and later reinterred at Albany Rural Cemetery.[11]

Relationship with Alexander Hamilton

In view of a flirtatious attitude that fueled contemporary gossip, there has long been speculation that Peggy Schuyler's sister Angelica had a romantic relationship with Alexander Hamilton, who was married to their sister Elizabeth. Correspondence between Hamilton and Angelica, now preserved in the Library of Congress, demonstrates strong friendship and affection. Hamilton biographer Ron Chernow wrote that "the attraction between Hamilton and Angelica was so potent and obvious that many people assumed they were lovers. At the very least, theirs was a friendship of unusual ardor."[4]: 186  Hamilton biographer Willard Sterne Randall and Albany historian Warren Roberts state that Angelica Schuyler Church and Alexander Hamilton did have an affair,[12][13] while Peggy maintained a correspondence with Hamilton that was purely platonic.[4]: 130, 148  She first began writing to him in 1780, after he began courting her sister.[4]: 130, 148 

Peggy was portrayed by Jasmine Cephas Jones in Hamilton, a popular 2015 Broadway musical about the life of Alexander Hamilton.[14] Jones originated the roles of Maria Reynolds and Peggy Schuyler Off-Broadway, and reprised them when the show made its transfer to Broadway.[14] Peggy is featured as a supporting character in the song "The Schuyler Sisters" and is a background character for much of Act 1.

See also

References
  1. Schuyler, George Washington (1885). Colonial New York : Philip Schuyler and his family. New York : Charles Scribner's Sons. Retrieved 7 September 2016.
  2. Schuyler, Georgina (1911). The Schuyler Mansion at Albany: Residence of Major-General Philip Schuyler, 1762-1804. New York, NY: De Vinne Press. pp. 33–35.
  3. Stansbury, Charles Frederick (February 19, 1898). "A Godchild of Washington". The Illustrated American. New York, NY: Illustrated American Pub. Co.: 246–247.
  4. Chernow, Ron (2005). Alexander Hamilton. New York: Penguin Books. ISBN 978-0143034759.
  5. Stone, William Leete (1838). Life of Joseph Brant -- Thayendanegea. Vol. II. New York, NY: George Dearborn & Co. pp. 175–176.
  6. New-York Historical Society Quarterly. Vol. 53. New York: New York Historical Society. 1969. p. 170.
  7. Bielinski, Stefan. "Stephen Van Rensselaer III", nysm.nysed.gov; accessed April 15, 2016.
  8. Waters, Harriet Bishop (May 1, 1910). "A Daughter of the Empire State". The Conquest Magazine and the Federation Bulletin. Troy, NY: The Conquest Company: 17.
  9. Jordan, John W. (1911). Colonial Families of Philadelphia. Vol. II. New York, NY: Lewis Publishing Company. p. 986. ISBN 9785880233557.
  10. In Memoriam: Stephen Van Rensselaer, Born 1789, Died 1868. Albany, NY: Joel Munsell. 1868. p. 25.
  11. albanymuskrat (January 23, 2018). "Peggy – Schuyler Sister". Friends of Albany History. Albany, NY: The Friends of Albany History. Retrieved May 5, 2018.
  12. Roberts, Warren (2010). A Place in History: Albany in the Age of Revolution, 1775-1825. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press. p. 128. ISBN 978-1-4384-3329-5.
  13. Randall, Willard Sterne (2014). Alexander Hamilton: A Life. New York, NY: Harper Perennial. p. 5. ISBN 978-0-06-095466-6.
  14. Viagas, Robert (December 8, 2016). "Hamilton's Original Peggy Bids Farewell December 8". Playbill. New York, NY.
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