Mariya Shkolnik

Mariya Markovna Shkolnik (previously transliterated as Marie Sukloff, Russian: Мария Марковна Школьник) (6 March 1882 - 9 April 1955) was a member of the Russian revolutionary movement that attempted to assassinate Alexei Khvostov and escaped exile in Siberia twice. Mariya was a member of the Socialist Revolutionary Party and assisted in the propaganda efforts of the party among peasant populations. [1]

Mariya Shkolnik
Мария Марковна Школьник
Born18 March [O.S. 06 March]1882
Borovoi-Mlin
DiedApril 9, 1955(1955-04-09) (aged 73)
Other namesMarie Sukloff
OccupationMember of the Russian Revolutionary Movement
OrganizationSocialist Revolutionary Party
Known forRussian socialist and revolutionary
Criminal chargesAssociation with a society dedicated to the overthrow of the government, conspiring against the tsar, and attempted assassination
Criminal penaltyExile to Siberia and death (commuted to exile once more)

Life

Mariya Shkolnik was born to a poor, Jewish, peasant family in Borovoi-Mlin, a village in Vilna in modern-day Belarus, not far from the town of Smarhon'. Mariya started working at a young age and was not sent to school. Mariya remained illiterate till the age of 13. She did however learn to read from the daughter of a rabbi named Hannah who would often meet with peasant girls in Vilna to teach them progressive politics and economics.[2]

Strikes and demonstrations demanding the establishment of a ten-hour working day began in Vilna when Mariya was a teenager. Through an organizer from the Jewish Bund, Mariya joined the revolutionary movement.

After organizing in Ashmyany, Mariya felt that her future as a revolutionary would be better in a city. Eventually, she convinced her father to send her to her uncle's apartment in Odessa. In Odessa she worked in a candy factory and lived with others who shared her political ideology.

Works

Mariya published her memoirs "Life of a Former Terrorist" in 1927 in which she talks about her life from early childhood to emigration.[3]

References
  1. "Sukloff, Marie (1882-1955)". Jane Addams Digital Edition. Retrieved 8 July 2022.
  2. Sukloff, Marie (1914). The Life-Story of a Russian Exile. Translated by Yarros, Gregory. The Century Co.
  3. Shkol'nik, M. M. "Жизнь бывшей террористки". www.nnre.ru. Retrieved 2023-05-02.
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