Marquess of Sunan

Marquess Sunan, or more commonly known as Duke Sunan, personal name Wang Jong was a Goryeo Royal Prince as the younger son of King Wonjong and Princess Gyeongchang.[1]

Marquess Sunan
Prince of Goryeo
BornWang Jong
Kingdom of Goryeo
Diedafter 1295
Kingdom of Goryeo
HouseHouse of Wang
FatherWonjong of Goryeo
MotherPrincess Gyeongchang
Korean name
Hangul
Hanja
Revised RomanizationSunan-hu, Sunan-gong
McCune–ReischauerSunan-hu, Sunan-gong
Birth name
Hangul
Hanja
Revised RomanizationWang Jong
McCune–ReischauerWang Ch'ong

Life

In 1263, alongside his older brother, he received his Royal Title of Prince Sunan (순안군개국후, 順安郡開國侯).[2] As the beloved son, from 1269, he temporarily took over the affairs of the court on behalf of his father, who went to Mongolia and in 1273, he visited the Yuan dynasty as an envoy.[3][4] At this time, the Yuan's Emperor favored and liked him, then gave him 500 geun (근) and 800 pil Jeo-pho (필) (저포, 苧布).[5] It was believed that those items given to him were much more than those given to the Crown Prince Wang Sim, his half brother. After this, he then honoured as Duke of Sunan (순안공, 順安公).[5]

In 1277, after Wonjong's death, Wang Sim ascended the throne, but there was one report related to the new King, said:

"Princess Gyeongchang and her son, Duke Sunan, orders Jong-Dong, a blind monk to curse His Majesty (King Chungnyeol) and Wang Jong had to married the Princess (Princess Supreme of Je State).
"경창궁주가 자신의 아들 순안공과 함께 맹인 승려인 종동(終同)을 시켜 주상(충렬왕)을 저주하고, 왕종으로 하여금 공주(제국대장공주)에게 장가들게 하려 한다."[6]

He often made small meals and his mother asked Jong-Dong how to prevent evil held a ceremony and buried "Jeon-chan" (전찬, 奠饌) in the ground.[7]

Knowing this, Chungnyeol immediately sent his people to study the monk's followers and in the following month, Gim Bang-gyeong (김방경) and Jo In-gyu (조인규) were sent to study Gyeongchang and Jong directly.[5] Since the two didn't confess, the King then personally took control of Wang in the next day. A few days later, the ministers asked for Gyeongchang and Jong's forgiveness, but the King was still tried to end his half family's line by destroyed them. These ministers then asked the Yuan dynasty and they said that it should be done after received instructions.[8] As the Queen Consort and former Imperial Princess, Qutugh Kelmysh strongly insisted on the capture and the house should be seized strongly, so she had no choice and then destroyed Gyeongchang's family's house. Since this, Sunan, who had a lot of property and wealth, were all occupied by Qutugh own.[9]

In addition, this incident's entire story was reported to the Yuan. Under their direction in 1277, Gyeongchang was deposed and reduced her to a commoner status. Following this, Sunan and Jong-Dong were exiled to Gueum Province (구음도, 仇音島).[10][11] After 6 years there, Jong then summoned back to the capital city, Gaegyeong in 1283. Later in 1295, the King builted wealth for his sake and set up a vassal (속관, 屬官) for it.[5] Meanwhile, there was no records left about him after that.

References
  1. "원종 소생 왕자". Goryeosa (in Korean). Retrieved December 30, 2021.
  2. In-ji, Jung (2001). 高麗史 Volume 8 [History of Goryeo] (in Korean). University of Michigan: Shinseowon. p. 169. ISBN 9788979400328.
  3. 《고려사》권26〈세가〉권26 - 원종 10년 12월 - 왕이 몽고로 가면서 순안후 왕종에게 국사를 맡기다
  4. 《고려사》권27〈세가〉권27 - 원종 14년 윤6월 - 원에 사신을 보내 책봉을 하례하다
  5. "원종 왕자 순안공 왕종". Goryeosa (in Korean). Retrieved January 10, 2022.
  6. "경창궁주와 왕종이 저주를 행한다는 고변이 들어오다". Goryeosa (in Korean). Retrieved January 10, 2022.
  7. It refers to making an altar and offering sacrifices to the Holy Spirit (성신, 星辰); same as Chorye (초례, 醮禮).
  8. 《고려사절요》제19권 - 충렬왕1 1277년
  9. Sang-gak, Lee (2014). 고려사 - 열정과 자존의 오백년 - Volume 1 [History of Goryeo - Biographies and 500 Years of Self-esteem - Volume 1] (in Korean). Deullyeok. ISBN 9791159250248.
  10. 《고려사》권28〈세가〉권28 - 충렬왕 3년 9월 - 원 황제의 지시에 따라 경창궁주를 폐위시키고 왕종을 유배보내다
  11. "왕제 종을 구음도에서 소환하다". Goryeosa (in Korean). Retrieved January 10, 2022.
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