Senior Marshal
The Senior Marshal (Polish: Marszałek senior) is an honorary post in Sejm or the Senate given to one of the oldest (in age) members of the body.
They are nominated by the President of Poland and functions as Marshal of the Sejm (Polish: Marszałek sejmu) or Marshal of the Senate Polish: Marszałek senatu until that holder of office is elected by the newly elected Sejm and Senate. Election of the marshal of the Sejm and Senate is usually the first item on the agenda for the new body.
Senior Marshal of the first Sejm of the Communist Poland Franciszek Trąbalski during his short term as the Senior Marshal acted also as a head of state.
Senior Marshals of the Sejm
Polish People's Republic
- X Sejm – Zbigniew Rudnicki (SD), July 4, 1989
Third Republic
- I Sejm[1] – Aleksander Małachowski (SP), November 25, 1991
- II Sejm – Aleksander Małachowski (UP), October 14, 1993
- III Sejm – Józef Kaleta (SLD), October 20, 1997
- IV Sejm – Aleksander Małachowski (UP), October 19, 2001
- V Sejm – Józef Zych (PSL),[2] October 19–24, 2005
- VI Sejm – Zbigniew Religa (PiS), November 5, 2007
- VII Sejm – Józef Zych (PSL), November 8, 2011
- VIII Sejm – Kornel Morawiecki (WiS), November 12, 2015
- IX Sejm – Antoni Macierewicz (PiS), November 12, 2019[3][4]
Senior Marshals of the Senate
Polish People's Republic
- I[5] Senate – Stanisław Stomma (Solidarity), July 4, 1989
Third Republic
- II Senate – Jan Tomasz Zamoyski (ZChN), November 26, 1991
- III Senate – Jan Mulak (PPS), October 15, 1993
- IV Senate – Władysław Bartoszewski (UW), October 21, 1997
- V Senate – Andrzej Wielowieyski (UW), October 20, 2001
- VI Senate – Kazimierz Kutz (Independent), October 20, 2005
- VII Senate – Ryszard Bender (PiS), November 5, 2007
- VIII Senate – Kazimierz Kutz (Independent), November 8, 2011
- IX Senate – Michał Seweryński (PiS), November 12, 2015
- X Senate – Barbara Borys-Damięcka (KO), November 12, 2019[4]
See also
References
- The Sejm elected in 1991 is considered the first Sejm of the Third Republic
- Served as the Marshal of the Sejm 3 March 1995 – 19 October 1997
- Macierewicz wasn't an oldest MP of the 9th Sejm. The oldest one was opposition MP Iwona Śledzińska-Katarasińska (Civic Platform), his senior of 7 years and 7 months. President Andrzej Duda was a member of Law and Justice before his election and chose to name an MP from his political party.
- "Prezydent wskazał marszałków seniorów Sejmu i Senatu". prezydent.pl. 5 November 2019.
- The Senate elected in the first semi-democratic elections of 1989 is considered the first Senate
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