Marthe La Perrière

Marthe Barbot grew up in Alençon with a sister, Suzanne. Her parents were Jean Barbot, a public prosecutor, and Suzanne Hourdebourg, from whom she likely got her lace-making skills. Marthe married Michel Mercier, sieur de La Perrière, in March 1633, bringing to the marriage 300 livres as earnings from her work with lace before their marriage.[2] They had a son. Her husband died after 12 years of marriage in 1645, and La Perrière remained a widow.[3]

In 1657 and 1658, La Perrière was ill and bedridden. However, she survived to make her most notable contribution - "point d'Alençon."

In around 1650, La Perrière introduced an Italian lace technique called points de Venise to Alençon. She fine-tuned her craftsmanship, and around 1660, invented "point de France" that later became "point d'Alençon."[1]

This technique involved using vellum to create the pattern.[4]

In addition to the technique of lace-making, La Perrière also improved the production of lace-making through dividing tasks to different workers, using division of labor. By encouraging workers to specialize in a specific part of the lace-making process, La Perrière increased the quality of the outputted lace.[3][5]

In 1665, the local lace industry expanded rapidly, during the reign of Louis XIV by Jean-Baptiste Colbert. Colbert established a Royal Workshop in the town to produce lace in the Venetian style, including a monopoly on the production of point de France, which La Perrière had previously produced.

La Perrière continued to secretly make her lace throughout the ten-year monopoly.[3]