Martin Knoller

Martin Knoller (18 November 1725 – 24 July 1804) was an Austrian-Italian painter active in Italy who is remembered for his fresco work.

Martin Knoller
Self-portrait of Martin Knoller
(Pinacoteca di Brera)
Born18 November 1725
Steinach am Brenner, Austria
Died24 July 1804
Milan, Italy
OccupationPainter

Biography
Martin Knoller: Self-portrait, Neresheim Abbey

Born in Steinach am Brenner near the Austrian city of Innsbruck, Knoller studied under Paul Troger and Michelangelo Unterberger in Salzburg and Vienna. Specializing in frescoes and altarpiece paintings, his first fresco, the Glory of St Stephen, was completed in 1754 at the parish church of Anras in East Tyrol.[1]

In 1755, he arrived in Rome where he was influenced by Neoclassicism, after studying under Anton Raphael Mengs and Johann Joachim Winckelmann. KNoller was influenced by the work of Anton von Maron.[2]

His works cover both Baroque and Rococo, the latter prevailing in his paintings rather than in his frescoes. His greatest patron was Karl Joseph von Firmian, the Imperial Governor of Lombardy under Maria Theresa who commissioned him to paint the Palazzo Firmian-Vigoni. From 1793, he taught at the Brera Academy of Fine Arts in Milan where he died in 1804.[3] Among his pupils was Giuseppe Mazzola.

Art

His works often depict groups of figures, the principal subject always clearly located in the foreground. He uses bright colors, especially for clothing. In Knoller's work, individuals are dominant. He has a less rigid approach to classicism, the colours are less powerful while the composition is clear and well-ordered, free of Baroque pathos. A master of perspective, he depicts his figures in unusual attitudes.

Works

Frescoes:

Altarpieces:

  • Karlkirche, Volders
  • Servitenkirche, Innsbruck
  • Parish church of Steinach am Brenner
  • St George and the Dragon, Deutschhauskirche, Bolzano

References
  1. "Martin Knoller", The Concise Grove Dictionary of Art, 2002, Oxford University Press. Retrieved 12 September 2012.
  2. "Martin Knoller (Steinach-am-Brenner 1725-1804)", Christies, October 17, 2006
  3. "Knoller, Martin", Web Gallery of Art. Retrieved 12 September 2012.

Bibliography
  • Karl Weiß, Knoller, Martin. In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Vol 16, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1882, p. 321–323. (in German)
  • Hanns-Paul Ties, Paul Troger, seine Schüler, seine Zeit. Neufunde und Neuzuschreibungen zur Tiroler Barockmalerei, in: Der Schlern, Zeitschrift für Südtiroler Landeskunde, 86, No. 7/8 2012, p. 143 et seq. (in German)

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