Melafix

Melafix is a brand of aquarium medicine made by Mars Fishcare, marketed as a natural remedy for bacterial infections, made from cajeput oil.[1][2]

Uses

Melafix is used by hobby fishkeepers to treat and prevent bacterial fish disease, including fin rot and cottonmouth disease.[3][4] It is an option for those who prefer to use natural remedies on their tank.[5] However, among aquarists, its usefulness is debated on the basis of its efficacy and potential harm to anabantoid fish such as Betta splendens.[6][7]

It is also sometimes used in laboratory settings involving fish. In an effort to improve animal welfare of studied fish, Rácz et al. refined a protocol for the tagging of zebrafish (an important model organism) which includes the use of Melafix as a post-procedure antiseptic.[4]

The product is on the list of approved treatments for fish during mandatory quarantine after being imported to Australia.[8]

Safety and efficacy

A 2015 study on Melafix found it had no antibacterial properties against several common fish pathogens, and suggested that reports of success with the product from hobbyists might point to immunostimulant properties instead. It also concluded that the product had no harmful impact on either goldfish or common clownfish.[1]

Another study the same year tested its efficacy against the common guppy parasite, Gyrodactylus turnbulli. An in vitro experiment found that Melafix, as well as the cajeput oil and an emulsifier used in the product tested separately, were as effective against the parasite as the antihelminthic drug Levamisole. An in vivo experiment found Melafix highly effective against the parasite when used in combination with another product from the company, Pimafix. However, neither product was significantly different than the control on its own.[2]

References
  1. Shivappa, Raghunath B.; Christian, Larry S.; Noga, Edward J.; Law, Jerry M.; Lewbart, Gregory A. (2015-04-01). "Laboratory Evaluation of Safety and Efficacy for Melafix (Melaleuca cajuputi Extract)". Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine. Backyard Poultry. 24 (2): 188–192. doi:10.1053/j.jepm.2015.04.020. ISSN 1557-5063.
  2. Schelkle, Bettina; Snellgrove, Donna; Jones, Lewis L.; Cable, Jo (2015-07-23). "Efficacy of commercially available products against Gyrodactylus turnbulli infections on guppies Poecilia reticulata". Diseases of Aquatic Organisms. 115 (2): 129–137. doi:10.3354/dao02886. ISSN 0177-5103. PMID 26203884.
  3. Stanton, Lindsey (2021-03-26). "How To Use Melafix & Does It Work?". It's A Fish Thing. Retrieved 2022-01-11.
  4. Rácz, Anita; Allan, Brooke; Dwyer, Toni; Thambithurai, Davide; Crespel, Amélie; Killen, Shaun S. (2021-02-26). "Identification of Individual Zebrafish (Danio rerio): A Refined Protocol for VIE Tagging Whilst Considering Animal Welfare and the Principles of the 3Rs". Animals. 11 (3): 616. doi:10.3390/ani11030616. ISSN 2076-2615. PMC 7996851. PMID 33652779.
  5. Olenik, Joe (2015-10-12). "Is There a Doctor in the Tank?". Pet Age. Retrieved 2022-01-11.
  6. Fenner, Bob. "Choose Your Weapon: Freshwater Fish Disease Treatment Options". www.wetwebmedia.com. Retrieved 2022-01-11.
  7. B., Sean (2021-07-01). "Bettafix and Melafix - 5 Differences You Should Know". The Aquarium Adviser. Retrieved 2022-01-11.
  8. "Approved aquarium chemicals, treatments and antibiotics - DAWE". www.awe.gov.au. Retrieved 2022-01-11.


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