Mandali, Iraq

Mandali (Arabic: مندلي,[3] Kurdish: مەندەلی, romanized: Mendelî[4][5]) is a town in Balad Ruz District, Diyala Governorate in Iraq, near the Iranian border. The town experienced Arabization during the Saddam era and has a mixed Kurdish and Arab population.[6] The town is disputed between the federal government of Iraq and the autonomous Kurdistan Region.[7]

Mandali
Town
Mandali is located in Iraq
Mandali
Mandali
Location within Iraq
Coordinates: 33°44′N 45°33′E
Country Iraq
GovernorateDiyala
DistrictBalad Ruz
Elevation
341.2 ft (104 m)
Population
[1][2]
 • Total29,882−50,000
Time zoneUTC+3

Mandali is known for its palm tree orchards and dates.[8]

History

The former name of Mandali was Bendink[9] which was the capital of the Kurdish principality Bani Ammz.[10] Kurds constituted 50% of the population in 1947 and the majority continued throughout the 1950s.[11][12] About 4,000 Kurdish families were deported or fled the town after the collapse of the Kurdish movement in 1975.[13]

During September 1980 of the Iran–Iraq War, the town and other nearby villages were attacked by Iranian forces.[14] The population of the town was 25,656 in 1977 but decreased to 8,092 in 1987. A republican decree established Baladruz District in 1987 which Mandali was attached to.[10]

Border trade

Being located in the vicinity of the Soumar border marketplace, in the Iranian Kermanshah province, there are commercial exchanges with Iran.[15]

See also

References
  1. "City (Town) Mandali: Map, population, location".
  2. "Iranian influence seeping into Iraq". Al Arabiya. Archived from the original on 9 November 2011. Retrieved 28 December 2019.
  3. "قوات الرد السريع والحشد الشعبي تسيطران على منفذي مندلي والمنذرية". Rûdaw (in Arabic). 11 July 2020. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
  4. "6 polîsên Iraqê li Mendelî hatin kuştin". ROJ News (in Kurdish). Retrieved 20 December 2019.
  5. "مەندەلی.. تیرۆریستانی داعش هێرشیان کردە سەر هێزێکی سوپای عێراق". Retrieved 20 December 2019.
  6. "Mandali". www.globalsecurity.org. Retrieved 28 December 2019.
  7. Kane, Sean (2011). "Iraq's Disputed Territories" (PDF). p. 35. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
  8. "مندلي مدينة المليون نخلة تستغيث". Azzaman. 28 October 2014. Retrieved 25 October 2020.
  9. المندلاوي, عمران (1985). مندلي عبر العصور. العراق: دار الحرية للطباعة. Retrieved 7 March 2021.
  10. Ihsan, Mohammad, Administrative Changes in Kirkuk and Disputed Areas in Iraq 1968-2003, p. 57
  11. C. J. Edmonds (1957). Kurds, Turks and Arabs, Politics, Travel and Research in North-Eastern Iraq, 1919-1925. Oxford University Press. p. 440. Retrieved 17 November 2019.
  12. Edmonds, C.J. (1957). "The Kurds of Iraq". Middle East Journal. 11 (1): 52–62. JSTOR 4322870 – via JSTOR.
  13. Kane, Sean (2011). "Iraq's Disputed Territories" (PDF). p. 67. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
  14. "Mandali". Global Security. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
  15. "Iran, Iraq resume trade activity in Mandali border crossing".
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