Mephibosheth

Mephibosheth (Biblical Hebrew: מְפִיבֹשֶׁת‎, Məfīḇōšeṯ, also called Meribaal, מְרִיב־בַּעַל‎, Mərīḇ-Baʻal), or Miphibosheth, was the son of Jonathan—and, thus, a grandson of Saul—mentioned in the Biblical Books of Samuel[1][2] and Chronicles.

For Mephibosheth, the son of Saul, see Armoni and Mephibosheth.
Illustration from the Morgan Bible of Mephibosheth kneeling before David.

Life

Mephibosheth was five years old when both his father and grandfather died at the Battle of Mount Gilboa. After the deaths of Saul and Jonathan, Mephibosheth's nurse took him and fled in panic. (2 Samuel 4:4) In her haste,[3] the child fell, or was dropped while fleeing.[4] After that, he was unable to walk.[5]

After the accident, Mephibosheth was carried with the rest of his family beyond the Jordan to the mountains of Gilead, where he found a refuge in the house of Machir ben-Ammiel, a powerful Gadite or Manassite sheik at Lo-debar, not far from Mahanaim, which during the reign of his uncle Ishbosheth was the head-quarters of his family.[6]

Some years later, after his accession to the kingship of the United Monarchy, King David sought "someone of the house of Saul, to whom I may show the kindness of God"[7] and Mephibosheth was brought to him. Old Testament scholar Walter Brueggemann says the mention of Mephibosheth's disability may have been added to show that he was not a military or political threat to David.[8]

David restored Saul's inheritance to Mephibosheth and permitted him to live within his palace in Jerusalem.

According to 2 Samuel 9:12, 1 Chron 8:34 and 1 Chron 9:40 he had a son called Micah.

Name

He is called Mephibosheth, meaning "from the mouth of shame", in the Books of Samuel while the Books of Chronicles (8:34 and 9:40) call him Meribbaal.[9] Arnold Gottfried Betz and David Noel Freedman argue that Memphibaal, a name preserved in the Lucianic recension may actually be the original name of Jonathan's son, while Meribbaal may originally refer to one of Saul's sons.[9]

There is some scholarly agreement that Mephibosheth replaced Meribbaal (or Memphibaal) in order to conceal the theophoric name "baal", a reference to a Canaanite deity, which became taboo.[3]

Footnotes
  1. Easton 1894, p. 457: 2 Sam. 4:4.
  2. 2 Samuel 9:12
  3. Easton 1894, p. 457.
  4. Eerdmans 2000, p. 884.
  5. Easton 1894, p. 457: 2 Sam. 19:26.
  6. The Cyclopedia of Biblical, Theological, and Ecclesiastical Literature. (James Strong and John McClintock, eds.) Harper and Brothers; NY; 1880 Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  7. 2 Samuel 9:3
  8. The Moody Bible Commentary, (Michael Rydelnik, Michael Vanlaningham, eds.) Moody Publishers, 2014 ISBN 9780802490186
  9. Eerdmans 2000, p. 884-885.

References
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