Mercedes-Benz OM636 engine

The Mercedes-Benz OM636 is a diesel engine that was produced by Daimler-Benz from 1948 until 1990. Being the successor to the OM138, the OM636 has been used both as a passenger car engine and as an industrial engine. It saw its first use in the Boehringer Unimog in 1948, prior to its official introduction in the 1949 Mercedes-Benz W136. Throughout the 1950s, the OM636 was widely used in the Mercedes-Benz W120. In 1958, it was succeeded by the OM621 passenger car engine. However, after the introduction of the OM621, the OM636 was kept in production for industrial vehicles such as small lorries, boats, and combine harvesters, until 1990.

Mercedes-Benz OM636 engine
Overview
ManufacturerDaimler-Benz AG
Production
  • 1948 (pre-series production)
  • 1949–1990 (series production)
Layout
ConfigurationInline 4
Displacement1,697 cc (103.6 cu in)
1,767 cc (107.8 cu in)
Cylinder bore73.5 mm (2.89 in)
75 mm (2.95 in)
Piston stroke100 mm (3.94 in)
Cylinder block materialCast iron
Cylinder head materialCast iron
ValvetrainOHV
Compression ratio19.0:1
RPM range
Max. engine speed3600
Combustion
Operating principleDiesel
Fuel systemPrecombustion chamber injection
Fuel typeGasoil
Oil systemWet sump
Cooling systemWater-cooled
Output
Power output28–32 kW (38–44 PS; 38–43 hp)
Torque output96–101 N⋅m (71–74 lb⋅ft)
Chronology
PredecessorOM 138
SuccessorOM 621

The abbreviation OM means Oelmotor (oil engine), and stands for a Daimler-Benz engine that uses any kind of light fuel oil as fuel (diesel engine).

History

Daimler-Benz began developing the OM636 during World War II, and had completed the developing process by 1948. According to Carl-Heinz-Vogler, a former Daimler-Benz engineer, the OM636 was ready for series production in 1948. The pre-series production units made that year were used in the 1948 Boehringer Unimog.[1]

In 1949, the W136 was offered with the OM636, displacing 1.7 litres and producing 38 PS (28 kW). For a short period of time between January 1952 and August 1953, a facelifted version of the W136 (now having the chassis code W191) was sold. Its OM 636 was increased in power by 2 PS. In 1953, the W120 succeeded the W191, starting in 1954 it was offered with an upgraded version of the OM636, now displacing 1.8 litres and again making 40 PS (29 kW). After the introduction of the W110 in 1961, the OM636 was no longer used as a passenger car engine by Daimler-Benz. Production in Germany was stopped in the early 1960s, while continuing until 1990 in Spain.

Technical description
The OM636's Bosch inline injection pump

The OM636 is a water-cooled inline-four-cylinder diesel engine with precombustion chamber injection, eight valves, OHV valvetrain and wet sump lubrication. It has a cross-flow cylinder head made of grey cast iron. The cylinder block material is also grey cast iron. Both the crankshaft, which is supported in three bearings, and the connection rods are forged. The pistons are made of a light metal alloy. The camshaft is driven by gears, it also drives the inline injection pump. The camshaft and injection pump are placed on the engine's exhaust side.

Technical data
Engine codeEngine nameBore × StrokeDisplacementCompression ratioRated power (DIN 70020)Torque (DIN 70020)Source
OM636.915OM636 I73.5 mm × 100 mm (2.89 in × 3.94 in)1,697 cc (103.6 cu in)19.0:138 PS (28 kW; 37 hp) at 3200 rpm9.8 kp⋅m (96 N⋅m; 71 lb⋅ft) at 2000 rpm[2]
OM636.91225 PS (18 kW; 25 hp) at 2300–rpm[3]
OM636.916OM636 VI75 mm × 100 mm (2.95 in × 3.94 in)1,767 cc (107.8 cu in)40 PS (29 kW; 39 hp) at 3200 rpm10.3 kp⋅m (101 N⋅m; 75 lb⋅ft) at 2000 rpm[4]
OM636.931OM636 VIII[5]
OM636.930OM636 VII[6]
43 PS (32 kW; 42 hp) at 3500 rpm
OM636.914OM636 VI30 PS (22 kW; 30 hp) at 2550 rpm[3]
32 PS (24 kW; 32 hp) at 2550 rpm
34 PS (25 kW; 34 hp) at 2750 rpm
25 PS (18 kW; 25 hp) at 2300 rpm


See also

References
  1. Vogler, Carl-Heinz (2014), Unimog 411: Typengeschichte und Technik (in German), Munich: GeraMond, pp. 48–49, ISBN 978-3-86245-605-5
  2. Daimler AG (ed.): 170 D, in Mercedes-Benz Public Archive, retrieved 8 January 2021
  3. Vogler 2014, p. 49
  4. Daimler AG (ed.): 170 Db, in Mercedes-Benz Public Archive, retrieved 8 January 2021
  5. Daimler AG (ed.): 170 S-D, in Mercedes-Benz Public Archive, retrieved 8 January 2021
  6. Daimler AG (ed.): 180 D, in Mercedes-Benz Public Archive, retrieved 8 January 2021

Bibliography
  • Der 1,8-l-Dieselmotor des Mercedes-Benz 170 Da in: Kraftfahrzeugtechnik 7/1952, p.211-213
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