Meromyosin

Meromyosin is a part of myosin (mero meaning "part of"). With regards to human anatomy myosin and actin constitute the basic functional unit of a muscle fiber, called sarcomere, playing a role in muscle contraction.

Biochemically viewed meromyosin form subunits of the actin-associated motor protein, myosin, which is formed by trypsin proteolysis (protein breakdown). Following proteolysis, two types of meromyosin are formed: heavy meromyosin (HMM) and light meromyosin (LMM).

Light meromyosin has a long, straight portion in the “tail” region. Heavy meromyosin (HMM) is a protein chain terminating in a globular head portion/cross bridge.[1] HMM consists of two subunits, Heavy Meromyosin Subunit 1 and 2 (HMMS-1 and HMMS-2). The majority of myosin activity is concentrated in HMMS-1. HMMS-1 has an actin binding site and ATP binding site (myosin ATPase) that determines the rate of muscle contraction when muscle is stretched.

Light and heavy meromyosin are subunits of myosin filaments (thick myofilaments).

References

Wendt T, Taylor D, Trybus KM, Taylor K (April 2001). "Three-dimensional image reconstruction of dephosphorylated smooth muscle heavy meromyosin reveals asymmetry in the interaction between myosin heads and placement of subfragment 2". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 98 (8): 4361–4366. Bibcode:2001PNAS...98.4361W. doi:10.1073/pnas.071051098. PMC 31840. PMID 11287639.

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[1] Wendt T, Taylor D, Trybus KM, Taylor K (April 2001). "Three-dimensional image reconstruction of dephosphorylated smooth muscle heavy meromyosin reveals asymmetry in the interaction between myosin heads and placement of subfragment 2". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 98 (8): 4361–4366. Bibcode:2001PNAS...98.4361W. doi:10.1073/pnas.071051098. PMC 31840. PMID 11287639.