Prince Miguel, Duke of Braganza

Prince Miguel Januário of Braganza (Portuguese: [miˈɣɛl]; full name Miguel Maria Carlos Egídio Constantino Gabriel Rafael Gonzaga Francisco de Paula e de Assis Januário de Bragança; 19 September 1853 – 11 October 1927) was the Miguelist claimant to the throne of Portugal from 1866 to 1920. He used the title Duke of Braganza.

Not to be confused with Prince Miguel, Duke of Viseu.
Miguel Januário de Bragança
Duke of Braganza (miguelist)
Miguelist pretender to the Portuguese throne
Tenure14 November 1866 – 31 July 1920
PredecessorMiguel I
SuccessorDuarte II
Born(1853-09-19)19 September 1853
Kleinheubach, Bavaria, German Confederation
Died11 October 1927(1927-10-11) (aged 74)
Seebenstein, Austria
Spouse
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(m. 1877; died 1881)​
    ​
    ​
    (m. 1893)​
    Issue
    HouseBraganza
    FatherMiguel I of Portugal
    MotherAdelaide of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg
    ReligionCatholic Church
    SignatureMiguel Januário de Bragança's signature

    Early life
    Miguel Januário with his first wife Princess Elisabeth of Thurn and Taxis, late 1870s

    Miguel Januário was born in Castle Kleinheubach, near Miltenberg, Kingdom of Bavaria, on 19 September 1853 during the exile in Germany of his father, former King Miguel I of Portugal and the Algarves. His mother was Princess Adelaide of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg. He was a grandson of King John VI of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves and his wife, Queen Carlota Joaquina.[1]

    By the Portuguese law of banishment of 1834 and the constitution of 1838, King Miguel was forbidden to enter Portugal. Therefore, he was educated in the German Confederation and in Austria-Hungary.[1]

    Career

    He was a member of the staff of Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria and took part in the Austro-Hungarian campaign in Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1878. It is said that the Emperor liked Miguel Januário immensely and granted him the privilege of extraterritoriality that allowed him to remain Portuguese, despite the rejection of Portugal. His second son, Prince Francisco José of Braganza, was named after the Austrian Emperor, who was his godfather.[2]

    Miguel Januário held the rank of a colonel in the 7th Austrian Regiment of Hussars. During World War I, he held the rank of Lieutenant General (Feldmarschalleutnant) in the Austro-Hungarian Army. He resigned in 1917 when Portugal entered the conflict on the opposite side, and spent the rest of the war as a civilian in the Order of Malta. After the end of Austria-Hungary, Miguel Januário and his family were thrown into relative poverty.[2]

    On 31 July 1920, after quarrels with his eldest son (who contracted a controversial marriage to an American heiress), Miguel Januário renounced his claims as King of Portugal in favour of his third son, Duarte Nuno, who was 13 years old at the time.[3]

    Marriages and children

    Miguel Januário was first married to Princess Elisabeth of Thurn and Taxis (May 28, 1860 – February 7, 1881), the niece of Empress Elisabeth of Austria, on 17 October, 1877 in Regensburg. They had three children:

    After the death of his first wife, he married for a second time to his first cousin Princess Maria Theresa of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg (1870–1935), on 8 November 1893 at Kleinheubach. They had eight children:

    Miguel Januário died in Seebenstein, on October 11, 1927. He is buried at Kloster Maria Himmelfahrt in Bronnbach.

    Honours

    In film

    In the 1968 film Mayerling, "Michel de Bragance" is a small character played by Jean-Claude Bercq.

    See also

    References
    1. Jenks, George C. (1911). The Bookman | Monarchs in Exile. Dodd, Mead and Company. p. 273. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
    2. Hastings, Derek (2018). Nationalism in Modern Europe: Politics, Identity, and Belonging since the French Revolution. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 164. ISBN 9781474213417. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
    3. The American Almanac, Year-book, Cyclopedia and Atlas. New York American and journal. 1902. p. 412. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
    4. "MISS STEWART WEDS; HOLDS TO HER FAITH; Becomes Bride of Prince Miguel, but Has Not Entered the Catholic Church. PRINCE RETAINS RIGHTS Has Not Yielded His Place in Line of Succession to the Throne -- Royalty at the Wedding". The New York Times. 16 September 1909. Retrieved 27 September 2017.
    5. The Times ( 19 June 1919), p. 11.
    6. Melville Amadeus Henry Douglas Heddle de La Caillemotte de Massue de Ruvigny Ruvigny and Raineval (9th marquis of) (1914). The Titled Nobility of Europe: An International Peerage, Or "Who's Who", of the Sovereigns, Princes and Nobles of Europe. Harrison & Sons. p. 50. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
    7. Longo, James McMurtry (2007). Isabel Orleans-Bragança: The Brazilian Princess Who Freed the Slaves. McFarland. p. 287. ISBN 9780786432011. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
    8. Limited, Europa Publications (1990). The International Who's who: 1990-91. Europa Publications Limited. p. 1585. ISBN 9780946653584. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
    9. "MARIA DE BRAGANCA MARRIED IN AUSTRIA; Princess Becomes the Bride of Ashley Chanler, a Son of Late Explorer and Represengatlve" (PDF). The New York Times. June 15, 1934. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
    10. "Duke of Braganza, Claimant to Throne, Is Dead in Portugal". The New York Times. 25 December 1976. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
    11. Boettger, T. F. "Chevaliers de la Toisón d'Or - Knights of the Golden Fleece". La Confrérie Amicale. Archived from the original on 7 August 2018. Retrieved 25 June 2019.
    12. "Königliche Orden", Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreichs Bayern (in German), Munich, 1908, p. 9, retrieved 3 December 2019{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

    Ancestry
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