Minamishimabara
Minamishimabara (Japanese: 南島原市, Hepburn: Minami-Shimabara-shi) lit. "South Shimabara City" is a city in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan. It occupies the southern tip of Shimabara Peninsula. As of 1 March 2017, the city has an estimated population of 45,465 and a population density of 270 persons per km2. The total area is 169.89 km2.
Minamishimabara
南島原市 | |
|---|---|
| Minamishimabara City | |
 Minamishimabara City Hall | |
 Flag  Emblem | |
 Location of Minamishimabara in Nagasaki Prefecture | |
  Minamishimabara Location in Japan | |
| Coordinates: 32°40′N 130°18′E | |
| Country | Japan |
| Region | Kyushu |
| Prefecture | Nagasaki Prefecture |
| Area | |
| • Total | 169.89 km2 (65.59 sq mi) |
| Population (March 1, 2017) | |
| • Total | 45,465 |
| • Density | 270/km2 (690/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+09:00 (JST) |
| City hall address | 859-2211 |
| Climate | Cfa |
| Website | www |
| Symbols | |
| Flower | Sunflower |
| Tree | Ficus superba |
The modern city of Minamishimabara was founded on March 31, 2006, from the merger of the towns of Arie, Fukae, Futsu, Kazusa, Kitaarima, Kuchinotsu, Minamiarima and Nishiarie (all from Minamitakaki District). Minamitakaki District was dissolved as a result of this merger.
History
The area now comprising Minamishimabara was under the control of the Arima clan, who ruled from Hinoe Castle in the Muromachi period. The area was the site of considerable foreign trade and Portuguese and Spanish missionary activity, and by the early Edo period, a large percentage of the population were Kirishitan. After the start of the national isolation policy, the Tokugawa Bakufu banned Christianity from 1614 and replaced Arima Naozumi with Matsukura Shigemasa, who relocated the capital of Shimabara Domain to Shimabara Castle is what is now Shimabara. Due to misgovernment, high taxes and persecution of Christianity, the population rose in the Shimabara Rebellion of 1637, with the peasants occupying the fortress of Hara Castle as their strongpoint. The rebellion was suppressed with extreme severity by the Tokugawa Bakufu, and the area of Minamishimabara was ruled by a branch of the Matsudaira clan from 1668 to 1774 and from 1774 to 1871.
Geography
Climate
Minamishimabara has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen:Cfa) with hot summers and cool winters. The average annual temperature in Minamishimabara is 17.3 °C (63.1 °F). The average annual rainfall is 1,813.9 mm (71.41 in) with June as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 27.9 °C (82.2 °F), and lowest in January, at around 7.2 °C (45.0 °F).[1] Its record high is 38.8 °C (101.8 °F), reached on 7 August 2009, and its record low is −6.2 °C (20.8 °F), reached on 25 January 2016.[2]
| Climate data for Kuchinotsu, Minamishimabara (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1976−present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 21.0 (69.8) |
21.8 (71.2) |
24.7 (76.5) |
28.2 (82.8) |
31.4 (88.5) |
36.9 (98.4) |
37.0 (98.6) |
38.8 (101.8) |
35.7 (96.3) |
32.8 (91.0) |
26.4 (79.5) |
24.4 (75.9) |
38.8 (101.8) |
| Average high °C (°F) | 10.9 (51.6) |
12.2 (54.0) |
15.5 (59.9) |
20.1 (68.2) |
24.2 (75.6) |
26.9 (80.4) |
30.7 (87.3) |
32.3 (90.1) |
29.3 (84.7) |
24.5 (76.1) |
18.8 (65.8) |
13.3 (55.9) |
21.6 (70.8) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 7.2 (45.0) |
8.0 (46.4) |
11.1 (52.0) |
15.4 (59.7) |
19.5 (67.1) |
22.9 (73.2) |
26.8 (80.2) |
27.9 (82.2) |
24.9 (76.8) |
19.8 (67.6) |
14.4 (57.9) |
9.3 (48.7) |
17.3 (63.1) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 3.2 (37.8) |
3.7 (38.7) |
6.6 (43.9) |
10.9 (51.6) |
15.4 (59.7) |
19.8 (67.6) |
23.9 (75.0) |
24.6 (76.3) |
21.3 (70.3) |
15.7 (60.3) |
10.3 (50.5) |
5.2 (41.4) |
13.4 (56.1) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −6.2 (20.8) |
−5.2 (22.6) |
−3.1 (26.4) |
0.6 (33.1) |
7.8 (46.0) |
12.1 (53.8) |
17.4 (63.3) |
18.5 (65.3) |
11.8 (53.2) |
5.1 (41.2) |
0.7 (33.3) |
−3.0 (26.6) |
−6.2 (20.8) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 60.9 (2.40) |
79.0 (3.11) |
114.8 (4.52) |
132.6 (5.22) |
151.6 (5.97) |
366.9 (14.44) |
304.6 (11.99) |
180.7 (7.11) |
175.1 (6.89) |
88.8 (3.50) |
89.6 (3.53) |
69.3 (2.73) |
1,813.9 (71.41) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 7.7 | 8.4 | 10.3 | 9.7 | 9.1 | 14.0 | 10.4 | 9.1 | 9.1 | 6.7 | 8.4 | 7.8 | 110.7 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 133.4 | 147.8 | 178.9 | 191.5 | 199.4 | 134.5 | 195.2 | 232.7 | 188.9 | 194.2 | 157.7 | 142.5 | 2,099.6 |
| Source: Japan Meteorological Agency[2][1] | |||||||||||||
Demographics
Per Japanese census data, the population of Minamishimabara in 2020 is 42,330 people.[3] Minamishimabara has been conducting censuses since 1920. Minamishimabara's population peaked in 1945 and has since declined; the city's population in 2020 is only 50% of its 1945 population.
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1920 | 67,412 | — |
| 1925 | 67,300 | −0.2% |
| 1930 | 69,473 | +3.2% |
| 1935 | 69,807 | +0.5% |
| 1940 | 68,034 | −2.5% |
| 1945 | 91,255 | +34.1% |
| 1950 | 88,327 | −3.2% |
| 1955 | 83,931 | −5.0% |
| 1960 | 79,549 | −5.2% |
| 1965 | 74,734 | −6.1% |
| 1970 | 69,861 | −6.5% |
| 1975 | 67,759 | −3.0% |
| 1980 | 66,556 | −1.8% |
| 1985 | 65,575 | −1.5% |
| 1990 | 62,828 | −4.2% |
| 1995 | 58,898 | −6.3% |
| 2000 | 57,045 | −3.1% |
| 2005 | 54,045 | −5.3% |
| 2010 | 50,377 | −6.8% |
| 2015 | 46,535 | −7.6% |
| 2020 | 42,330 | −9.0% |
| Minamishimabara population statistics[3] | ||
References
- 気象庁 / 平年値（年・月ごとの値）. JMA. Retrieved February 27, 2022.
- 観測史上1～10位の値（年間を通じての値）. JMA. Retrieved February 27, 2022.
- Minamishimabara population statistics
External links
- Official website (in Japanese)
Geographic data related to Minamishimabara at OpenStreetMap
| Core cities |  | |
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| Cities | ||
| Districts | ||
