Ministry of the Presidency

The background of the coordination work of the different areas of governmental action exercised by the current Ministry of the Presidency can be track down in the resolution of 30 November 1714, which, under the reign of Philip V, the Cabinet Council was created.[4]

For the establishment of the Council of Ministers would have to wait more than 100 years, until the Royal Decree of November 19, 1823, under the reign of Ferdinand VII. It is at this time that the embryo of a ministerial coordination function and the Secretariat of the Government can be glimpsed, with the establishment of a book where the agreements of the Council would be written, which fell to the Ministers themselves.[5]

Despite this, some gestures already announced the future birth of a support structure for the Prime Minister, which would lead to an independent Ministry. Thus, by Royal Decree of 30 September 1851, a Directorate-General was created that assisted the President of the Council of Ministers (Prime Minister) in the management of overseas affairs,[6] and that would be the embryo of the future Ministry of the Presidency.

It was also created, the position of the Assistant Secretary of the Presidency of the Council of Ministers, however in its origins had no relationship with the functions of Secretariat of the Government until 1871. At the beginning of the 1890s, the structure of the Office of the Assistant Secretary of the Presidency was remodeled, assigning functions of relationship with the constitutional bodies and with regard to appointments and dismissals.[5]

In the 20th century, the position became known as the Administrative Office of the Presidency of the Council of Ministers (1926), recovering that of Assistant Secretary of the Presidency of the Council of Ministers by virtue of the Royal Decree of 4 February 1930. This designation kept under the Second Republic. It is that time, the figure without especially specific functions, performs tasks as different as those derived from being the Technical Secretariat for Morocco and Colonies and for the National Tourist Board.

Under the Franco regime was confirmed by Decree of August 11, 1939 the existence of the Assistant Secretary of the Presidency, and Luis Carrero Blanco was appointed it. According to the Law of 22 December 1948, the Office of the Assistant Secretary was a special Department that would be in charge of the General Policy and Coordination services.

It would be in 1951, through the Decree-Law of July 19 when the Assistant Secretary of the Presidency was given the rank of Minister and with the Legal Regime of the State Administration Act (1957) it was granted to it the function of Secretariat of the Government, as well as preside over the Commissions of Undersecretaries.[7] During the 1950s and 1960s, the Ministry of the Presidency was the driving force behind the administrative reforms underway.[8]

In 1957 he was assigned the Official State Gazette, the Office of Economic Coordination and Programming was created within the scope of the General Technical Secretariat of the Ministry and it was centralized the competencies in the area of civil servants, with the creation of the Center for the Training and Improvement of Civil Servants (1958, future National Institute for Public Administration), the Superior Commission for Personnel and the Directorate-General for the Civil Service.[9]

In 1967 it coincided for the first time the positions of Minister of the Presidency (at the time Minister-Undersecretary) and Deputy Prime Minister, in this case in the person of Luis Carrero Blanco. This circumstance would be repeated in the future in the cases of Alfonso Osorio (1976–1977, 2nd Deputy PM), Francisco Álvarez-Cascos (1996–2000), Mariano Rajoy (2000–2001 and 2002–2003), Javier Arenas (2003–2004, 2nd Deputy PM), María Teresa Fernández de la Vega (2004–2010), Soraya Sáenz de Santamaría (2011–2018) and Carmen Calvo (2018–2021).

In spite of the existence of an entire Office since 1951 at the service of the Minister-Undersecretary of the Presidency (or Minister-Assistant Secretary), the Ministry was officially created by a Law of 2 January 1974.[10] In 1976 it assumed the National Statistics Institute, the Directorate-General for Territorial Action and Environment and the National Geographic Institute.

The most relevant responsibilities assumed during this period were those derived from the relations between the executive branch and the legislative branch because of the parliamentary system created by the Constitution of 1978. For this purpose, in 1979 it was created the Office of the Secretary of State for Constitutional Development, which two years later would become the current Secretariat of State for Relations with the Cortes.[11] The importance of these responsibilities were seen in the period of 1986 to 1993 when the Ministry was renamed Ministry of Relations with the Cortes and the Government Secretariat

In 1977 the Directorate-General for Territorial Action and Environment was transferred to the Ministry of Development and the National Statistics Institute to the Ministry of Economy. In 1987 the Development Ministry also assumed the National Geographic Institute.

With the creation of the Ministry of Public Administrations in 1979, it lost the responsibilities on the Civil Service. In 1993, the Office of the Spokesperson of the Government was integrated in the Ministry and in 1996 these structure was extended creating the Secretariat of State for Press. Since then, the positions of Minister of the Presidency and Spokesperson have coincided in the persons of Alfredo Pérez Rubalcaba (1993–1996), Mariano Rajoy Brey (2002–2003), María Teresa Fernández de la Vega (2004–2010) and Soraya Sáenz de Santamaría (2011–2016).

As a consequence of the social alarm provoked by the Prestige Disaster, in the 2003–2004 period a Commissioner was created for actions resulting from the catastrophe of the MV Prestige, with the rank of Secretary of State, supported by the Office of the Commissioner and functionally dependent on the Minister of the Presidency. The position was occupied by Rodolfo Martín Villa. The successor of this body the Center for the Prevention and Fight against Maritime and Coastal Pollution was included in the structure of the Ministry, with the rank of Directorate-General and whose competences passed in 2008 to the Ministry of Environment.

In 2012, the National Intelligence Centre was integrated in the Ministry[12] and in 2013 it was created the Office for the Implementation of the Administration Reform (OPERA).[13]

Since November 2016, it assumes the responsibilities of relations with the Autonomous Communities and the Entities that make up the Local Administration and those relating to the territorial organization of the State but it loses the Secretariat of State for Press, which is transferred to the Office of the Prime Minister. In 2017 it was created the Government Commissioner facing the Demographic Challenge. In June 2018 it loses the responsibilities on territorial policy but assumes those on equality.[14]

In 2020, the ministry's powers over equality policies are transferred to the Ministry of Equality but, in exchange, the department assumes the powers regarding democratic memory and religious freedom, both coming from the Ministry of Justice.[2] In 2021, Félix Bolaños was appointed minister of the Presidency.