Ministry of Labour (Spain)

The Ministry of Labour and Social Economy (MITES) is the department of the Government of Spain responsible for planning and carrying out the government policy on labour relations and social economy.[3]

Ministry of Labour and Social Economy
Ministerio de Trabajo y Economía Social

Main door of the Ministry in the Nuevos Ministerios complex
Agency overview
FormedMay 8, 1920 (1920-05-08)
(as Ministry of Labour)
January 13, 2020 (as Ministry of Labour and Social Economy)
TypeMinistry
JurisdictionSpanish government
HeadquartersNuevos Ministerios, Agustín de Bethencourt Street 4, (Madrid)
Employees38,559 (2019)[note 1][1]
Annual budget€ 29.5 billion, 2023[2]
Minister responsible
Websitewww.mites.gob.es

The MITES is headed by the Minister of Labour, a Cabinet member who is appointed by the Monarch at request of the Prime Minister. The Labour Minister is assisted by five high-ranking officials, the Secretary of State for Migration, the Secretary of State for Social Security, the Secretary of State for Employment, the Secretary General for Immigration and Emigration and the Under Secretary of Labour. The current minister is Yolanda Díaz.

History

The idea of creating a Ministry of Labour was manifested by the King Alfonso XIII in the opening of the Cortes of 1914 but the World War I delayed that purpose.[4] The Ministry of Labour was finally created in the government of Eduardo Dato on May 8, 1920.[5] It had previously existed Institute of Social Reforms (1903, heir of the Social Reform Commission, 1883) and the National Institute of Foresight (1908), which were integrated into the new Department. It also obtained the powers of the newly disappeared Ministry of Supply (1918-1920). It was also included in the structure of the ministry the Bureau of Labour of the Directorate General of Trade, Industry and Labour, the Emigration Council and the Board of Engineers and Pensioners Abroad.[6] The functions of the Labour Inspectorate (1906) were also given to the new ministry.

In the Second Republic, the Minister Francisco Largo Caballero was issued the Decree about Workers Associations, through which these entities passed to the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Labour from the Governation Ministry.[7]

In Francoist Spain the suppression of freedom of association, demonstration and strike as well as collective bargaining, the Ministry, without prejudice to the work of the Vertical Union, expanded its capacity for action, establishing up to the detail of working conditions.

After the Spanish transition to democracy, Social Security competences passed in 1977 to the newly created Ministry of Health, although Labour Ministry recovered them in 1981. In 1978 the National Employment Institute was created. Later, the creation in 1988 of the Ministry of Social Affairs meant the loss of social policies. Nevertheless, both Departments merged in 1996, after the electoral victory of the Popular Party, assigning itself for the first time the organisms Institute of the Woman and Institute of the Youth.

In 2004, with José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero as President of the Government, the Ministry of Labour assumes the immigration powers that until now resided in the Ministry of the Interior. In terms of social policies, in 2008 they were distributed between the Ministry of Education and the newly created Ministry of Equality (Now ministry of Health and Ministry of Equality have been merged).

In the X Legislature, from December 22, 2011, the Ministry is renamed Employment and Social Security, while retaining the same competencies. In the middle of the 12th Cortes Generales, the biggest opposition party, the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party, presented and won a vote of no confidence against the second government of Mariano Rajoy. After this event, Sánchez appointed Magdalena Valerio as the new Labour Minister, and he renamed the Department as Ministry of Labour, Migrations and Social Security.

In 2020, the new Cabinet of Sánchez integrated a new political party, Unidas Podemos, and the Prime Minister appointed Yolanda Díaz as new minister of Labour and Social Economy. The Department lost its responsibilities over social security and migration to the newly created Department of Social Security, which meant a reduction of its budget from €52 billion in 2019 to €25 billion in 2020, as well as losing control of more than 150 billion euros of the social security budget.

Structure
Yolanda Díaz, current Labour Minister

This ministry is structured in the following higher bodies:[8]

  • The Secretariat of State for Employment and Social Economy
    • The Directorate-General for Labour
    • The Directorate General for Self-Employment, the Social Economy and Corporate Social Responsibility
    • The Administrative Unit of the European Social Fund
    • The Deputy Directorate-General for Programming and Evaluation of the European Social Fund
  • The Undersecretariat of the Ministry
    • The Technical General Secretariat
    • The Budget Office
    • The Administrative Office
    • The Inspectorate-General of Services
    • The Deputy Directorate-General for Human Resources
    • The Deputy Directorate-General for the Regulation and Development of Human Resources of the Agencies and Social Security
    • The Deputy Directorate-General for Information and Communications Technologies
    • The Deputy Directorate-General for Financial Administration

Ministry agencies

List of ministers of labour

Reign of Alfonso XIII (1902-1923)
Beginning End Name Party
8 May 1920 13 March 1921 Carlos Cañal y Migolla (6)
13 March 1921 14 August 1921 Eduardo Sanz y Escartín (6)
14 August 1921 8 March 1922 Leopoldo Matos y Massieu (6)
8 March 1922 7 December 1922 Abilio Calderón Rojo (12)
7 December 1922 3 September 1923 Joaquín Chapaprieta Torregrosa (12)
3 September 1923 15 September 1923 Luis Armiñán Pérez (12)

Dictatorship of Miguel Primo de Rivera (1923-1931)
Beginning End Name Party
17 September 1923 21 December 1923 Alejandro García Martín (12)
21 December 1923 7 February 1924 Juan Flórez Posada (12)
7 February 1924 3 November 1928 Eduardo Aunós Pérez (12)
3 November 1928 30 January 1930 Eduardo Aunós Pérez (4)
30 January 1930 18 February 1931 Pedro Sangro y Ros de Olano (4)
18 February 1931 14 April 1931 Gabriel Maura y Gamazo (4)

Second Spanish Republic (1931-1939)
Beginning End Name Party
14 April 1931 12 September 1933 Francisco Largo Caballero (1) PSOE
12 September 1933 8 October 1933 Ricardo Samper Ibáñez (1) PRR
8 October 1933 16 December 1933 Carles Pi i Sunyer (1) ERC
16 December 1933 28 April 1934 José Estadella Arnó (1) PRR
28 April 1934 4 October 1934 José Estadella Arnó (2) PRR
4 October 1934 3 April 1935 José Oriol Anguera de Sojo (2) CEDA
3 April 1935 6 May 1935 Eloy Vaquero Cantillo (2) PRR
6 May 1935 25 September 1935 Federico Salmón (2) CEDA
25 September 1935 14 December 1935 Federico Salmón (3) CEDA
14 December 1935 30 December 1935 Alfredo Martínez García (3) PLD
30 December 1935 19 February 1936 Manuel Becerra Fernández (3) PC
19 February 1936 13 May 1936 Enrique Ramos Ramos (2) IR
13 May 1936 19 July 1936 Joan Lluhí Vallescá (2) ERC
19 July 1936 19 July 1936 Bernardo Giner de los Ríos (2) Republican Union
19 July 1936 4 September 1936 Joan Lluhí Vallescá (2) ERC
4 September 1936 4 November 1936 José Tomás Piera (2) ERC
4 November 1936 17 May 1937 Anastasio de Gracia (4) PSOE
17 May 1937 1 April 1939 Jaume Aiguader (5) ERC

Dictatorship of Francisco Franco (1936-1975)
Beginning End Name Party
3 October 1936 30 January 1938 Alejandro Gallo Artacho (6)
30 January 1938 9 August 1939 Pedro González-Bueno y Bocos (13)
9 August 1939 20 May 1941 Joaquín Benjumea Burín (7)
20 May 1941 25 February 1957 José Antonio Girón de Velasco (6)
25 February 1957 10 July 1962 Fermín Sanz-Orrio y Sanz (6)
10 July 1962 29 October 1969 Jesús Romeo Gorría (6)
29 October 1969 11 March 1975 Licinio de la Fuente (6)
11 March 1975 12 December 1975 Fernando Suárez González (6)

Reign of Juan Carlos I (1975-2014)
Beginning End Name Party
12 December 1975 5 July 1976
José Solís Ruiz (6)
5 July 1976 4 July 1977 Álvaro Rengifo Calderón (6)
4 July 1977 28 February 1978
Manuel Jiménez de Parga Cabrera (6) UCD
28 February 1978 3 May 1980
Rafael Calvo Ortega (6) UCD
3 May 1980 9 September 1980
Salvador Sánchez Terán Hernández (6) UCD
9 September 1980 26 February 1981 Félix Manuel Pérez Miyares (6) UCD
26 February 1981 2 December 1981 Jesús Sancho Rof (8) UCD
2 December 1981 2 December 1982 Santiago Rodríguez Miranda (9) UCD
3 December 1982 25 July 1986
Joaquín Almunia Amann (9) PSOE
26 July 1986 2 May 1990
Manuel Chaves González (9) PSOE
2 May 1990 12 July 1993
Luis Martínez Noval (9) PSOE
13 July 1993 5 May 1996
José Antonio Griñán Martínez (9) PSOE
6 May 1996 20 January 1999
Javier Arenas Bocanegra (10) PP
20 January 1999 21 February 2000
Manuel Pimentel Siles (10) PP
21 February 2000 10 July 2002
Juan Carlos Aparicio Pérez (10) PP
10 July 2002 17 April 2004
Eduardo Zaplana (10) PP
18 April 2004 12 April 2008
Jesús Caldera Sánchez-Capitán (10) PSOE
12 April 2008 20 October 2010
Celestino Corbacho (11) PSOE
20 October 2010 22 December 2011
Valeriano Gómez (11) PSOE

Reign of Felipe VI (2014-present)
Beginning End Name Party
22 December 2011 7 June 2018
Fátima Báñez (9) PP
7 June 2018 13 January 2020
Magdalena Valerio (14) PSOE
13 January 2020 Incumbent
Yolanda Díaz (15) PCE

(1) Ministry of Labour and Social Protection
(2) Ministry of Labour, Heath and Social Protection
(3) Ministry of Labour, Health and Justice
(4) Ministry of Labour and Protection
(5) Ministry of Labour and Social Attendance
(6) Ministry of Labour
(7) Ministry of Agriculture and Labour
(8) Ministry of Labour, Health and Social Security
(9) Ministry of Employment and Social Security
(10) Ministry of Labour Social Affairs
(11) Ministry of Labour and Immigration
(12) Ministry of Labour, Commerce and Industry
(13) Ministry of Trade Union Action and Organization
(14) Ministry of Labour, Migrations and Social Security
(15) Ministry of Labour and Social Economy

Notes and references
  1. Ministry of Territorial Policy and Civil Service (2018). Statistical Bulletin of the personnel at the service of the Public Administrations (PDF). pp. 32 and 48. {{cite book}}: |author= has generic name (help)
  2. "2023 State Budget" (PDF). www.boe.es. 1 January 2023. Retrieved 8 January 2023.
  3. "Royal Decree 903/2018, of July 20, by which the basic organic structure of the Ministry of Labour, Migrations and Social Security is developed". www.boe.es. Retrieved 2019-04-19.
  4. "Royal Decree creating the Ministry of Labour" (PDF).
  5. Gallego, José Andrés (1982). Revolución y restauración, 1868-1931. RIALP. ISBN 9788432121135.
  6. Tuñón de Lara, Manuel; Elorza, Antonio (1986). La crisis de la restauración. Spain: SIGLO XXI. ISBN 9788432305641.
  7. Authors, Several Authors (1986). La Segunda República y la Guerra (3 ed.). RIALP. ISBN 9788432121159.
  8. "Royal Decree 139/2020, of January 28, which establishes the basic organic structure of the ministerial departments". boe.es. Retrieved 2020-01-30.
  1. 16,257 are ministerial employees and the other 22,302 are Social Security Administration employees.
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