Mohan Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana

Field-Marshal Shree Shree Shree Maharaja Sir Mohan Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana (Nepali: मोहन शम्शेर जङ्गबहादुर राणा), GCB, GCIE, GBE (23 December 1885 – 6 January 1967) was the Shree Tin Maharajah and foreign minister of Nepal from 30 April 1948 until 12 November 1951.

Field Marshal His Highness Shree Shree Shree Maharaja Sir
Mohan Shumsher Jung Bahadur
Rana, GCB, GCIE, GBE
श्री ३ महाराज मोहन शमशेर जङ्गबहादुर राणा
Portrait of Mohan Shamsher
17th Prime Minister of Nepal
In office
30 April 1948 – 12 November 1951
MonarchsKing Tribhuvan
King Gyanendra
Preceded byPadma Shumsher JBR
Succeeded byMatrika Prasad Koirala
Personal details
Born(1885-12-23)23 December 1885
Died6 January 1967(1967-01-06) (aged 81)
Bangalore
Parent(s)Chandra Shumsher Jang Bahadur Rana (father)
Chandra Loka Bhakta Lakshmi Devi (mother)
OccupationMaharajah of Nepal
9th Maharajah of Nepal
Reign27 June 1901 – 26 November 1929
PredecessorPadma Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana
SuccessorRana rule abolished, see Lamjang-Kaski for titular head
SpouseHH Sri 3 Maharani Dikshya Rajya Laxmi
IssueHE General Sri 3 Maharajkumar Sharada Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana
HH General Sri 3 Yuvaraj Bijaya Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana
DynastyRana dynasty
FatherHH Sri 3 Maharaja Chandra Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana
MotherHH Sri 3 Maharani Chandra Loka Bhakta Devi

He was the last prime minister from the Rana family, which had controlled Nepal for more than a century and reduced the monarchy to a figurehead. He was the son of the 5th Rana Maharaja of Nepal Chandra Shumsher and Bada Maharani Chandra Loka Bhakta Lakshmi Devi. He became prime minister at a time when the king, Tribhuvan was attempting to assert himself. Tribhuvan wanted to establish a stronger monarchy and some democracy, which Mohan Shumsher opposed.

In 1950, Mohan Shumsher's policies against the monarchy forced Tribhuvan and his son Mahendra to flee to India with the help of the Indian Residency and the Indian government, which led Mohan Shumsher to proclaim Mahendra's three-year-old son Gyanendra the king of Nepal.

Later in the revolution of 1951, Tribhuvan returned to Nepal after signing The Delhi Treaty between Mohan Shumsher, Tribhuvan and Nepali Congress thus restoring his throne and bringing the stately power back to the monarch. By the end of 1951, the king and his allies, the Nepali Congress had triumphed, and Mohan Shumsher and the rest of the Rana family lost power. The Ranas were deprived of all the hereditary offices and privileges conferred by king Surendra Bikram Shah on Jung Bahadur even though Mohan Shumsher still held the office of the prime minister for until several demonstrations by Ranas in an attempt to reestablish their rule and the opposition of the monarchy and Nepali Congress forced him to resign from his position.

Death

On 14 December 1951, Mohan Shumsher went into self-imposed exile in India, and died in Bangalore in 1967, aged 81.[1]

Family

In 1900, he married Bada Maharani Dikshya Kumari, second daughter of Kunwar Indar Bir Singh Rathor, of Marma Doti. He had two sons and six daughters,

  1. His Highness General Maharajkumar Sharda Shamsher Jung Bahadur Rana, elder son. He was the father of five children, two sons and three daughters, and all his daughters were given in marriage to high-ranking Rajput Maharajas. His children were:
    • Deepak Shamsher Jung Bahadur Rana, elder son
    • Mukund Shamsher Jung Bahadur Rana, younger son
    • HH Maharani Mukut Rajya Lakshmi Devi, wife of HH Maharaja Raghunath Singh Bhati of Jaisalmer
    • HH Maharani Yasho Rajya Lakshmi Devi, wife of HH Maharaja Karan Singh Dogra of Jammu and Kashmir
    • Bharati/Chaitanya Rajya Lakshmi, wife of HH Maharaja Shatrushalya Singh Jadeja of Nawanagar (Jamnagar). She divorced her husband and married a Punjabi businessman.
  2. His Highness General Yuvaraja Bijay Shamsher Jung Bahadur Rana, younger son but he was the heir apparent. Married and had four daughters and a son (two daughters are twins) and had two grandchildren, one granddaughter married the Yuvaraja of Singrauli (one of the most highest ranked princely states) -
  3. Dharma Rajya Lakshmi Devi, married to Maharaj Devi Singh, fourth son of HH Maharaja Umaid Singh of Jodhpur.
  4. Rani Sahiba Moha Bakhta Rajya Lakshmi Devi, married to Raja Pashupati Pratap Narayan Singh Bahadur of Bansi in Uttar Pradesh.
  5. Rani Sahiba Thagendra Rajya Lakshmi Devi, married to Rao Udai Singh of Patan, Rajasthan.
  6. Rani Sahiba Roop Rajya Lakshmi Devi, married to Rawal Sangram Singh of Samode in Rajasthan.
  7. Rani Sahiba Mahendra Rajya Lakshmi Devi, married to Rana Shivambar Singh of Khajurgaon.
  8. Rani Sahiba Sharada Rajya Lakshmi Devi, married to Raja Girish Chandra Jadumoni Deo Jenamani of Rairakhol State in Orissa.
  9. HH Rani Sahiba Leela Rajya Lakshmi, married to HH Maharaja Sir Arimardam Singh Ju Deo Bahadur of Charkhari State in Bundelkhand.

Titles and styles
  • 1885-1929: His Excellency General Sri Sri Sri Maharajkumar Mohan Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana
  • 1929-1932: His Excellency Southern Commanding General Sri Sri Sri Maharajkumar Mohan Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana
  • 1932-1945: His Excellency Eastern Commanding General Sri Sri Sri Maharajkumar Mohan Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana
  • 1945-1951: His Highness Western Commanding General Sri Sri Sri Yuvaraj Mohan Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana, Yuvaraj of Nepal
  • 1951-1967: His Highness Field Marshal Supradipta-Manyabara Svasti Sri Madati Prachandra Bhujadandyetyadi Projjwala-Nepala Taradhisha Sri Sri Sri Maharaja Sir Mohan Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana, GCB, GCIE, GBE, Maharajah of Nepal [2]

See also

References
  1. "Aurobindo Bhavan: A regal house by Ulsoor lake". Deccan Herald. Deccan Herald. 9 October 2021. Archived from the original on 2 November 2021. Retrieved 20 February 2023.
  2. "LAMBJUNG AND KASKI". iiNet. Archived from the original on 9 July 2018. Retrieved 12 June 2022.
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