Mukje Conference

The Mukje Conference was held on 1–3 August 1943 in Mukaj (near Krujë in North Albania). There was signed the Mukje agreement, a treaty between the nationalist Balli Kombëtar and the National Liberation Movement representatives. The aim was to generate a platform on how to regulate the Albanian resistance in World War II and how to prepare for the future of Ethnic Albanian state. The National Liberation Movement included the Communists and Legaliteti of Abaz Kupi, as well as smaller local nationalist leaders. The conference was intermediated by the British emissaries with the idea of unifying the Albanian political spectrum against the Fascists, similar to AVNOJ in Yugoslavia.

Photo taken during a conference session

Part of a series on the
History of Albania
Early History Origin of the Albanians Illyria Illyrians Macedonia Illyricum
Medieval Byzantine rule Bulgarian rule Principality of Arbanon Angevin Kingdom of Albania Principality of Albania Serbian rule Principalities League of Lezhë Venetian Albania
Early modern Principality of Mirdita Ottoman Albania Islamization of Albania Sanjak of Albania Sanjak of Scutari Sanjak of Dibra Scutari Vilayet Janina Vilayet Manastir Vilayet Kosovo Vilayet Pashaliks Massacre of the beys National Awakening Revolts of 1833–1839 Revolt of 1843–1844 Revolt of 1845 Revolt of 1847 League of Prizren League of Peja Revolt of 1910 Revolt of 1911 Battle of Deçiq Revolt of 1912 Albanian Vilayet Declaration of Independence
Late modern Independent Albania Provisional Government Congress of Trieste International Commission of Control Balkan Wars Principality Peasant Revolt World War I in Albania Republic of Central Albania Republic of Korçë Republic of Mirdita Italian protectorate (southern) Congress of Durrës Vlora War Congress of Lushnjë Italian protectorate June Revolution Principality (Regency) Albanian Republic Albanian Kingdom Albania under Italy German occupation of Albania World War II in Albania Second League of Prizren Liberation Day Socialist Albania
Contemporary Post-communism Albanian Civil War Republic of Albania
Topics Art Constitution Economy Military Names
Timeline

The agreement established a Committee of National Salvation which should take the lead over the Albanian resistance movement. The movement would take into consideration the Albanian national cause, making possible the creation of a Greater Albania, with the annexation of Albanian populated areas to a post-war Albanian state. On the part of the National Liberation Movement, the delegation was led by Ymer Dishnica, a member of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Albania and Mustafa Gjinishi. Balli Kombëtar was represented by Skënder Muço, Hysni Lepenica, Mit’hat Frashëri, and Hasan Dosti (head of delegation) between others. A dispute arose concerning the status of Kosovo. Whereas the National Front proposed to fight for the integration of Kosova into Albania, the Communist representatives objected fiercely. The agreement holds twelve signatures from each side.[1]

Since the agreement included strong notes of nationalism with a potential of future border disputes which could jeopardize relations between Albania and Yugoslavia, it was considered counterrevolutionary by the Communist Party of Yugoslavia, whose delegate Svetozar Vukmanović-Tempo exerted considerable influence over the Albanian communists. Consequently, the agreement was formally denounced several days later in a meeting of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Albania in Labinot, repeated during the second Conference of the National Liberation Movement still in Labinot one month later.[2] The agreement would be criticized as "a betrayal of the people and revolution" and "against the fundamental principles of the Conference of Pezë".[3]

After failure of the agreement, Balli Kombëtar chose to openly collaborate with the Germans after the capitulation of Italy, while the Communist Party of Albania continued to fight alongside the Yugoslav Partisans. Legaliteti would continue fighting against the fascist armies, but the distance between them and the Communists would get larger and larger. The communists would consider them counterrevolutionary by the end of the war.

The communists' history in the following decades would criticize the agreement and its protagonists (including Dishnica and Gjinishi), and consider it a trap from the Balli side.[4]