Mycoplasma agalactiae

Mycoplasma agalactiae is a species of bacteria in the genus Mycoplasma. This genus of bacteria lacks a cell wall around their cell membrane.[1] Without a cell wall, they are unaffected by many common antibiotics such as penicillin or other beta-lactam antibiotics that target cell wall synthesis.[2] Mycoplasma are the smallest bacterial cells yet discovered, can survive without oxygen and are typically about 0.1–0.3 µm in diameter.[3]

Mycoplasma agalactiae
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Bacteria
Phylum: Mycoplasmatota
Class: Mollicutes
Order: Mycoplasmatales
Family: Mycoplasmataceae
Genus: Mycoplasma
Species:
M. agalactiae
Binomial name
Mycoplasma agalactiae
(Wroblewski 1931) Freundt 1955
Synonyms
  • Microbe de l'agalaxie contagieuse" Bridré and Donatien 1923 *"Anulomyces agalaxiae" (sic) Wroblewski 1931 *"Borrelomyces agalactiae" (Wroblewski 1931) Turner 1935 *"Capromyces agalactiae" (Wroblewski 1931) Sabin 1941 *"Pleuropneumonia agalactiae" (Wroblewski 1931) Tulasne and Brisou 1955 *"Asterococcus agalactiae" (Wroblewski 1931) Prévot 1961.

It is the main agent of contagious agalactia, a syndrome causing clinical signs of mastitis, conjunctivitis, and arthritis in small ruminants.[4] It can be present in their milk.[5][6] At least eleven strains of this species have been characterized.[7] In serious outbreaks with infections with this pathogen, whole herds have been lost.[8]

The type strain is strain PG2 = CIP 59.7 = NCTC 10123.[9]

See also

References
  1. Ryan KJ, Ray CG, ed. (2004). Sherris Medical Microbiology (4th ed.). McGraw Hill. pp. 409–12. ISBN 978-0-8385-8529-0.
  2. "4.4D: Mycoplasmas and Other Cell-Wall-Deficient Bacteria". Biology LibreTexts. 2017-05-07. Retrieved 2023-06-06.
  3. Benedetti, Francesca; Curreli, Sabrina; Zella, Davide (4 September 2020). "Mycoplasmas–Host Interaction: Mechanisms of Inflammation and Association with Cellular Transformation". Microorganisms. 8 (9): 1351. doi:10.3390/microorganisms8091351. ISSN 2076-2607. PMC 7565387. PMID 32899663.
  4. "Contagious Agalactia in Small Ruminants - Reproductive System". Merck Veterinary Manual. Retrieved 2023-06-06.
  5. Tola, S.; Angioi, A.; Rocchigiani, A. M.; Idini, G.; Manunta, D.; Galleri, G.; Leori, G. (1997). "Detection of Mycoplasma agalactiae in sheep milk samples by polymerase chain reaction". Veterinary Microbiology. 54 (1): 17–22. doi:10.1016/S0378-1135(96)01269-2. ISSN 0378-1135. PMID 9050167.
  6. Chávez González, Yleana R.; Bascuñana, Carlos Ros; Bölske, Göran; Mattsson, Jens G.; Molina, Carmen Fernández; Johansson, Karl-Erik (1995). "In vitro amplification of the 16S rRNA genes from Mycoplasma bovis and Mycoplasma agalactiae by PCR". Veterinary Microbiology. 47 (1–2): 183–190. doi:10.1016/0378-1135(95)00058-I. ISSN 0378-1135. PMID 8604550.
  7. Solsona, Michel; Lambert, Maurice; Poumarat, François (1996). "Genomic, protein homogeneity and antigenic variability of Mycoplasma agalactiae". Veterinary Microbiology. 50 (1–2): 45–58. doi:10.1016/0378-1135(95)00200-6. ISSN 0378-1135. PMID 8810007.
  8. DaMassa, A. J.; Wakenell, P. S.; Brooks, D. L. (1992). "Mycoplasmas of Goats and Sheep". Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation. 4 (1): 101–113. doi:10.1177/104063879200400126. ISSN 1040-6387. PMID 1554763.
  9. Parte, A. C. "Mycoplasma". LPSN, LPSN. Retrieved 2015-04-17.


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