Myra MacDonald

After leaving Reuters, MacDonald began work on a new book, Defeat is an Orphan: How Pakistan Lost the Great South Asian War, which was published in 2017.[8] In the book, MacDonald focuses on the India–Pakistan relations over the past almost two decades since the two countries conducted nuclear weapons tests in 1998 and declared themselves as nuclear powers.[9] It is in this framework, she says that it is precisely this declaration that emboldened the Pakistani establishment into believing that it could continue with its "reckless reliance" on its "militant proxies" to target India and destabilize Afghanistan.[9][10] In the book, she explores the past many incidents of terrorism targeting India, starting from the hijacking of Indian Airlines Flight 814, which was on its way to Delhi from Kathmandu, in December 1999 to the December 2001 terrorist attack on the Indian parliament, 2008 Mumbai attacks, and terrorist attacks on the Pathankot Air Force base and the Indian army base in Uri in January 2016 and September, that same year, respectively, that were all executed at the behest of Pakistan by its proxies.[9][10]

MacDonald details how Pakistan's obsessive preoccupation with India, which has manifested itself in the form of a proxy war, has undermined democracy in its own country and its economy, led to loss of opportunities for peace, and how it itself lost control over the militant groups that it had been fostering. And how India, on the other hand, used this time to make significant and rapid economic gains. MacDonald has also criticized U.S. policy in the region, which she says has been only somewhat sympathetic to India, but not to the degree to which she would like.[10]

Writing in The Hindu Book Review, Suhasini Haidar found MacDonald's narration on the whole as "even-handed", but noted several lapses, which according to her are common to such India-Pakistan treatises of western and Indian scholars alike. First, she writes, is the inclination to look at the hostile relations between the two countries through a "time prism," taking the nuclear tests conducted by them in 1998 as a starting reference point for Pakistan's initiation of a reckless proxy war against India, using Islamic militants. As Haider puts it, "The truth is Pakistan's ‘reckless reliance’ on proxies did not begin in 1998, but all the way back in 1948, during the first Kashmir war. Later, the use of Sikh militants who hijacked planes to Lahore in the 1980s, or the D-Company that has lived in Karachi after the Mumbai blasts in 1993 were all part of a similar strategy."[9]

Second, Haider notes, is the mistaken belief that the international players, particularly the US, out of naivety pursue a South Asia policy that makes it possible for Pakistan to continue its sponsorship of terrorism against India. Haider says, "The U.S. is neither naïve nor foolish. If it has pursued a certain course for decades, then that must be seen for what it is: a policy."[9]

Andrew J. Nathan reviewed the book in Foreign Affairs, noting that the book "is a slashing indictment of Pakistani strategy by a journalist who has covered South Asia for decades."[10]