National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929

The National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 is the official name since 1973[1] of the vertical datum established for vertical control surveying in the United States of America by the General Adjustment of 1929. Originally known as Sea Level Datum of 1929, NGVD 29 was determined and published by the National Geodetic Survey and used to measure the elevation of a point above and depression below mean sea level (MSL).

Geodesy
Fundamentals
Concepts
Technologies
Standards (history)
NGVD 29 Sea Level Datum 1929
OSGB36 Ordnance Survey Great Britain 1936
SK-42 Systema Koordinat 1942 goda
ED50 European Datum 1950
SAD69 South American Datum 1969
GRS 80 Geodetic Reference System 1980
ISO 6709 Geographic point coord. 1983
NAD 83 North American Datum 1983
WGS 84 World Geodetic System 1984
NAVD 88 N. American Vertical Datum 1988
ETRS89 European Terrestrial Ref. Sys. 1989
GCJ-02 Chinese obfuscated datum 2002
Geo URI Internet link to a point 2010
Illustration of vertical datums in the United States.

NGVD29 was superseded by the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD 88),[2] based upon reference to a single benchmark (referenced to the new International Great Lakes Datum of 1985 local mean sea level height value), although many cities and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers "legacy" projects with established data continued to use the older datum.[3]

Methodology

Mean sea level was measured at 26 tide gauges: 21 in the United States and 5 in Canada. The datum was defined by the observed heights of mean sea level at the 26 tide gauges and by the set of elevations of all bench marks resulting from the adjustment of observations. The adjustment required a total of 66,315 miles (106,724 km) of levelling with 246 closed circuits and 25 circuits at sea level.

Since the Sea Level Datum of 1929 was a hybrid model, it was not a pure model of mean sea level, the geoid, or any other equipotential surface. Therefore, it was renamed the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29) by the National Geodetic Survey (then, and since, under the auspices of NOAA) May 10, 1973.[1]

See also

References
  1. US Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. "National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD 29) - Vertical Datum - Datums - National Geodetic Survey". www.ngs.noaa.gov. Retrieved 2022-02-01.
  2. US Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. "North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD 88) - Vertical Datum - Datums - National Geodetic Survey". www.ngs.noaa.gov. Retrieved 2022-02-01.
  3. "Standards and Procedures for Referencing Project Elevation Grades to Nationwide Vertical Datums" (PDF).
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