NS DM 90
The NS Class 3400 was a series of diesel multiple unit which were in service in the Netherlands between 1996 and 2017 and were built by Duewag, Talbot and SIG between 1996 and 1998. They were operated by the Nederlandse Spoorwegen and between 1999 until 2014 under lease by Syntus. The class is referred to as DM'90 meaning diesel rolling stock (Diesel Materieel in Dutch) of the 1990s or Buffel, which means Buffalo. The DM'90 series was developed alongside the short lived, electric SM'90 ("stopping-train" or commuter rolling stock of the 1990s) series with which it shares the unusual body cross section. Class 3400 were the last DMUs in service with NS, the older DE3 ("Plan U") and DH1/2 ("Wadloper") series having been replaced by the diesel electric Stadler GTW which are still in use with other operators in the Netherlands. Since January 2018, all units are now stored out of service and 32 units have been sold to SKPL - Polish private railway operator.[1]
| NS Class 3400 (DM'90) | |
|---|---|
 An NS Class 3400 at Zutphen | |
| Manufacturer | Talbot |
| Constructed | 1996-1998 |
| Number built | 53 |
| Successor | Stadler FLIRT units |
| Fleet numbers | 3401 - 3453 (Nederlandse Spoorwegen) 50-62 (Syntus) |
| Capacity | 12 first class 123 standard class 34 folding seats |
| Operator(s) | Nederlandse Spoorwegen |
| Depot(s) | Nedtrain Hengelo |
| Specifications | |
| Train length | 52.340 m (171 ft 8+5⁄8 in) |
| Width | 3.20 m (10 ft 6 in) |
| Height | 4.142 m (13 ft 7+1⁄8 in) |
| Maximum speed | 140 km/h (87 mph) |
| Weight | 95.2 t (93.7 long tons; 104.9 short tons) |
| Prime mover(s) | 2 x Cummins NTA 855 R4 |
| Power output | 2 x 320 kW (430 hp) = 640 kW (860 hp) |
| Transmission | Hydraulic (Voith T221 rzze) |
| UIC classification | 2'B' + B'2' |
| Braking system(s) | <R> O-RA-Mg (D) (?) |
| Safety system(s) | ATB-NG |
| Coupling system | Scharfenberg |
| Track gauge | 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge |
History
In 1993, NS ordered 53 units of the class from Talbot, now Bombardier. The electrical systems, train controls, and diagnostic systems were delivered by Holec Ridderkerk, now Alstom. Duewag installed the interiors of the trains in Krefeld, after which the units were transferred to the Netherlands. Unit 3401 was delivered on March 12, 1996, and the last unit, 3453, was brought into service in 1998.
Originally there were intentions to order a follow-up series of the 2-car units, alongside the possible development of a single-car unit, however these were never realised due to the privatisation of many of the diesel-served lines.
The rolling stock was introduced in the end of the 1990s on a large portion of the non-electrified lines in the Netherlands. In the period thereafter many of these routes were transferred to private sector operators, Syntus and several other operators used the sets for their services, others were temporarily used on electrified sectors for local services.
Description
Like the SM'90 ("Railhopper"), the DM'90 uses a non-standard width of 3.2 metres (10 ft 6 in), this was made possible by the distinctly bent side-walls which allowed the cars to be 30 centimetres (11+3⁄4 in) wider than conventional trains while being within the loading gauge. This allowed a 5 abreast seating arrangement, however the trains were eventually delivered with only the standard 4 abreast configuration.
Power is provided by two Cummins (NTA 855 R4) diesel motors, each delivering up to 320 kW (430 hp) of power to the Voith hydraulic transmission, driving the axles on the inner bogies. The bogies were Stork-manufactured RMO 9000 series, also used on the SM'90, and DD-IRM trains.[2] The top speed was 140 km/h (87 mph), reduced to 100 km/h (62 mph) when running in combination with the older (also diesel-hydraulic) Wadloper series trains.
The combination of disk brakes and quiet operation results that the trains were often poorly detected by axle counters which are commonly found on the lines where the DM'90 operates. Train-protection is provided by ATB-NG. For cross-border operations out of Heerlen, three sets were equipped with the German PZB train protection system along with boarding steps to accommodate the lower platform height.
Between 2008 and 2013, the sets operating between Zwolle and Kampen were provided with passenger information displays showing connection information in Zwolle, as tendered by the province of Overijssel.[3]
The trains were equipped with heating provided by both engine heat and, when necessary, additional electrical heaters. In depots, the heaters can be powered externally to avoid the need for operating the motors. Air conditioning is only present in the driver cab.
Specific operations
3403 and 3410 were branded for the Zwolle - Kampen service. 3401, 3402, 3404, 3412 and 3414 were branded for the Apeldoorn - Zutphen service.
Previous operations
Operations on these lines transferred from Syntus to Arriva since the start of the public transport timetable 2013.
| Series | Train Type | Route | Material | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 17800 | Sprinter | Apeldoorn - Apeldoorn De Maten - Klarenbeek - Voorst-Empe - Zutphen | Buffel (DM'90) | |
| 30700 | Syntus stoptrein | Arnhem - Arnhem Velperpoort - Duiven - Zevenaar - Didam - Wehl - Doetinchem De Huet - Doetinchem | Buffel (DM'90) / Lint 41 | Only weekdays until 19.00h |
| 30900 | Arnhem - Arnhem Velperpoort - Duiven - Zevenaar - Didam - Wehl - Doetinchem De Huet - Doetinchem - Gaanderen - Terborg - Varsseveld - Aalten - Winterswijk | Buffel (DM '90) / Lint 41 | ||
| 31100 | Arnhem - Elst - Zetten-Andelst - Hemmen-Dodewaard - Opheusden - Kesteren - Tiel | Buffel (DM'90) | ||
| 32300 | Veolia stoptrein | Nijmegen - Nijmegen Heyendaal - Mook-Molenhoek - Cuijk - Boxmeer - Vierlingsbeek - Venray (- Blerick - Venlo) | Buffel (DM'90) / Velios | Only during rush hour |
| 20100 | Stoptrein | Hengelo - Oldenzaal - Bad Bentheim | Buffel (DM'90) | |
| 7900 | Zwolle - Heino - Raalte - Nijverdal - Wierden - Almelo - Almelo de Riet - Borne - Hengelo - Enschede Kennispark - Enschede | |||
| 8500 | Zwolle - Kampen |
Details
| Series: | Built: | Quantity When New: | Numbers When New: | Still In Service: | Out Of Service: |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DM'90 | 1996–1998 | 53 | 3401 - 3453 | None | All |
Syntus details
| NS Number: | Syntus Number: | In service with Syntus since: |
|---|---|---|
| 3450 | 50 | 30 May 1999 |
| 3451 | 51 | |
| 3452 | 52 | |
| 3453 | 53 | |
| 3441 | 54 | 14 December 2003 |
| 3442 | 55 | |
| 3440 | 56 | 18 January 2005 |
| 3438 | 57 | 1 April 2005 |
| 3439 | 58 | |
| 3437 | 59 | 11 June 2007 |
| 3448 | 60 | 3 February 2009 |
| 3449 | 61 | |
| 3436 | - | 18 December 2010 |
| 3447 | 2 September 2011 | |
| 3446 | 23 September 2011 | |
| 3435 | 1 October 2011 | |
| 3445 | 28 October 2011 | |
| 3422 | 4 November 2011 | |
| 3444 | 3 December 2011 |
Gallery
Interior of the DM '90
Interior of the DM '90
A DM '90 hired to Syntus at Winterswijk
Several DM '90's at Winterswijk
A DM '90 at Voorst-Empe
A NoordNed DM '90 at Dronrijp
A NoordNed DM '90 arriving at Franeker
Routes where DM '90 can commonly be seen
DM '90 bought by SKPL in Zagórz, Poland
References
- "Dozens of trains from the Netherlands will go to Poland. ..." AlKhaleej Today (in Arabic). 2020-12-02. Retrieved 2020-12-15.
- "Stork-RMO bogies". 2014-10-18.
- Stentor en NS stappen in uniek project Persbericht Stentor, 04-04-2008. (in Dutch)