Naa Gbewaa
Naa Gbewaa (also known as Nedega or Kulu Gbagha) is the founder of the Kingdom of Dagbon, in what is now northern Ghana. His sons and daughters are credited with founding several states,[1][2] including the Mossi kingdoms of Burkina Faso.[3] He established a stable and prosperous kingdom.[4] Naa Gbewaa's shrine is located at Pusiga, 90 km east of Bolgatanga.[5][6] His descendants continue to pay respects at the shrine.[7]
Lineage of Naa Gbewaa
Gbewaa fathered the following children:[8][9][10][11][12]
- Yemtori (Yennenga), beloved daughter, travelled northward and married Rialle. Their son, Ouedraogo founded the Mossi Kingdoms.
- Gundo Naa Kachaɣu, the eldest child of Naa Gbewa, became the first Gundo Naa. The Gundo Naa title is reserved for only females.
- Naa Ʒirli (Zirile), the eldest son of Naa Gbewaa. Younger to Gundo-Naa Kachaɣu.
- Fɔɣu (Kufɔɣu), chosen successor of Naa Gbewaa.
- Naa Shitɔbu, led majority Gbewaa children as Yaa Naa.
- Gmamprugulana Tohigu (Tosugu), younger to Zirile and Kachaɣu, but older than Shitobu. Moved to Gambaga, ruled over a land that will become Gmamprugu.
- Bimbila Naa Gmantambo, founded Nanung.
- Salagalana Kayilkuna, ruled over Salaga.
- Kuɣa Naa Subee Kpɛma.
- Karaga Naa Beemoni, ruled over Karaga.
- Sunson Naa Buɣyilgu, ruled over Sunsong.
- Sanglana Subee Bila, ruled over Sang, in the Mion District of Eastern Dagbon.
- Nyensung Yaambana.
- Savelugu Naa Yenyoo, ruled over Savelugu.
- Nanton Naa Baatanga, ruled over Nanton.
- Yamolkaragalana Kayetuli, ruled over Yemokaraga.
- Bohinsan Zugulana.
- Zantanlana Yirigitundi, ruled over Zantaani in Western Dagbon, now under Tolon District.
- Zoggolana Sungburi, ruled over Zoggu.
- Nyingaa Ʒibie.
- Kpuɣli Kungoo.
Split of Old Dagbon
When Gbewaa grew old, he preferred Fɔɣu, who was not the eldest son, to be his successor. Zirile, the eldest son, learnt of his father's intentions, and went on to murder Fɔɣu.[13] When Gbewaa was informed about the death of his preferred successor, it did not take long for him to die. The historians of Dagbon, the Lunsi,[14] uses a euphemism, that, Gbewaa disappeared in to the ground.[15] When a King dies in Dagbon, Gmamprugu, and Nanung, euphemisms are used to announce their death.[16][17]
Kachaɣu, the eldest child, took on the regalia of Gbewaa and made herself Queen, but Zirile forced her to give it up.[18] Not much is recorded about Zirile by the Historians of Dagbon. After Zirile, most of the children, including Kachaɣu, followed Shitobu, and they maintained Dagbon as the name of the lands they ruled.[19] Tohagu, who shared the same mother as Zirile, ruled over a small portion of land in what will become Gmamprugu.[20] Kachaɣu became the first Gundo Naa, the most senior female royal title of Dagbon.[21] Yennenga (Yemtori) travelled northward and established the Mossi Kingdoms.[22] Gmantambo moved further south and founded Nanung.[23]
Structures named after Gbewaa
- Naa Gbewaa Interchange, Tamale[24]
- Gbewa Residential Area, Tamale[25]
- Gbewaa Palace, seat of King of Dagbon[26]
- Naa Gbewaa School, Bawku[27]
- Gbewaa College of Education, Pusiga[28]
- Gbewaa High Street, Tamale[29]
- GNS Naa Gbewaa, Military Ship[30]
- Gbewaa Petrochemicals[31]
- Gbewaa Civil Engineering Construction Limited[32]
- Gbewaa Boys School, renamed to Tamale Senior High School[33]
- Gbewaa Ghana Limited[34]
- Gbewaa Chambers[35]
References
- Lipschutz & Rasmussen 1989, p. 168.
- Ade Ajayi & Crowder 1976, p. 417.
- "The forgotten kingdom". africasacountry.com. 2015-04-13. Retrieved 2023-10-20.
- "Origin of Mossi-Dagomba States" (PDF).
- "Naa Gbewaa Shrine – GACL". Retrieved 2023-10-20.
- "The Naa Gbewaa Shrine". 2021-03-19. Retrieved 2023-10-20.
- "Naa Gbewaa Shrine – GACL". Retrieved 2023-09-16.
- "Naa Gbewaa children". www.adrummerstestament.com. Retrieved 2023-05-21.
- "The History Of Mole Dagbon State • Dagbon Kingdom: Your Gateway to the Best of Culture, History & Tourism". 2021-09-04. Retrieved 2023-05-21.
- "The forgotten kingdom". africasacountry.com. 2015-04-13. Retrieved 2023-10-20.
- History, The African (2022-04-08). "Kingdom of Dagbon: founded in Ghana by the Red Hunter Tohazee in 11th Century". The African History. Retrieved 2023-10-20.
- "THE GHANAIAN HIGH SCHOOL CULTURAL FESTIVAL OF NORTHERN GHANA IN PICTURES". Mum Cee. 2014-06-30. Retrieved 2023-10-20.
- "Definition of Gbewaa. Meaning of Gbewaa. Synonyms of Gbewaa". www.wordaz.com. Retrieved 2023-10-21.
- Abdallah, Zablong Zakariah; Locke, David (2010). "The Lunsi (drummers) of Dagbon: tradition and change". Research Review (21). ISSN 0855-4412.
- "About the Dagomba – Dagomba Dance Drumming". Retrieved 2023-10-21.
- "The Lions of Dagbon: Political Change in Northern Ghana" (PDF).
- "Burial and Enskinment by Seton Nicholas". Documenting Ghana. 2018-10-18. Retrieved 2023-10-21.
- "PEACE EDUCATION AS CORRELATE OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN NANUMBA NORTH (Bimbilla) DISTRICT IN NORTHERN REGION OF GHANA" (PDF).
- "History and origin of Gushegu". GhanaWeb. 2020-10-14. Retrieved 2023-10-21.
- Ratat, Lelrey (2023-04-13). "Brief History of the Dagbon (Dagbaŋ) people of Ghana". GH Info Site. Retrieved 2023-10-21.
- "The inescapability of local traditions in women's peace roles in Dagbon - The Nordic Africa Institute". nai.uu.se. Retrieved 2023-10-21.
- "The Story of the Princess Yennenga". Yennenga Progress. Retrieved 2023-10-21.
- "SUCCESSION AND DEMOCRACY IN NANUŊ, NORTHERN GHANA" (PDF).
- "NORTHERN REGIONAL MINISTER EXPRESSED GRATITUDE TO THE PRESIDENT FOR THE NAA GBEWAA INTERCHANGE – NRCC". northernrcc.gov.gh. Retrieved 2023-10-24.
- "Disaster looms at Gbewaa residential; residents alert authorities about shoddy work of contractor ahead rainy season". Zaa Radio 99.3 FM. 2022-04-12. Retrieved 2023-10-24.
- "Ya Na Cuts Sod For New Gbewa Palace Project". DailyGuide Network. 2023-03-06. Retrieved 2023-10-24.
- "Naa- Gbeewa Junior High School, Bawku details".
- "Gbewaa College of Education Admission Requirements 2023/2024". GH Students. 2023-01-05. Retrieved 2023-10-24.
- "All affected roads will be reconstructed" – Roads Minister assures people of Greater Tamale – Ministry of Roads & Highways". Retrieved 2023-10-24.
- Dogbevi, Emmanuel (2012-07-31). "Ghana Navy receives two ships to augment fleet". Ghana Business News. Retrieved 2023-10-24.
- "Gbewaa Petrochemicals". 2022-02-18. Retrieved 2023-10-24.
- "Gbewaa CEO Clashes With Martin Amidu Over Judgment Debt Defamation Suit". Peacefmonline.com - Ghana news. Retrieved 2023-10-24.
- Wundengba, Daniel (2021-08-07). "All You Need To Know About Tamale Senior High School, Tamasco". Northernghana.net. Retrieved 2023-10-24.
- "Solved Gbewaa Ghana Ltd has issued 10 million shares with a market value of GHd5 per share. The equity beta of the company is 1.2. The current yield of..." Chegg.com. Retrieved 2023-10-24.
- "Gbewaa Chambers".
- Lipschutz, Mark R.; Rasmussen, R. Kent (1989). "Na Gbewa". Dictionary of African historical biography (2nd ed.). University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-06611-3.
- Ade Ajayi, J. F.; Crowder, Michael (1976). History of West Africa. Vol. 1 (2nd ed.). Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-04103-4.
Further reading
- St. John-Parsons, D. (1958). "Na-Gbewa and His Sons". Legends of Northern Ghana. Longmans, Green.
- Ogot, Bethwell A. (1992). "From the Niger to the Volta". Africa from the sixteenth to the eighteenth century. General history of Africa. Vol. 5. UNESCO. pp. 339–340. ISBN 978-92-3-101711-7.
- Levtzion, Nehemia. "The Western Mahgrib and Sudan". In Fage, J. D.; Oliver, Roland (eds.). The Cambridge history of Africa. Vol. 3. Cambridge University Press. p. 460. ISBN 978-0-521-20981-6.
- Illiasu, A. A. (1971). "The Origins of the Mossi-Dagomba States" (PDF). Institute of African Studies: Research Review. 7 (2): 95–113.