Narnaul
Narnaul is a city, a Municipal Council, and location of headquarters of the Mahendragarh district in the Indian state of Haryana. It is located in the National Capital Region of India.
Narnaul | |
|---|---|
 Jal Mahal of Narnaul, Haryana | |
  Narnaul Location of Narnaul in Mahendragarh district, Haryana, India  Narnaul Narnaul (India) | |
| Coordinates: 28°02′40″N 76°06′20″E | |
| Country |  India |
| State | Haryana |
| District | Mahendragarh |
| Seat | Government of Haryana |
| Elevation | 318 m (1,043 ft) |
| Population (2011) | |
| • Total | 145,897 |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Hindi & English
registration_plate = HR-35 xxxx (for non-commercial vehicles) HR-66 xxxx (for commercial vehicles) |
| Time zone | UTC+05:30 (IST) |
| Postal code of India | 123001 |
| Area code | 01282 |
| ISO 3166 code | IN-HR |
| Sex ratio | 901 ♂/♀ |
| Climate | Cw (Köppen) |
| Precipitation | 570 millimetres (22 in) |
| Avg. summer temperature | 38 °C (100 °F) |
| Avg. winter temperature | 04 °C (39 °F) |
| Website | mahendragarh |
History & etymology
During the early vedic period of Rigveda, this area was called the Nandigram where rishi Chyavana lived in his ashram. During the later vedic period of mahabharta, this area was called the Nara Rashtra which later became corrupted to Narnaul. During the mahabharta period, the Nara Rashtra, on the Hastinapur to Chambal route, was conquered by the youngest Pandava brother Sahdev. During medieval period, the native Rathore Rajputs ruled the area. In 1137 CE, foreign-origin muslim invader Hazrat Turkman, also known as Shah Wilayat, was killed by the native Rathor Rajputs.[1]
Narnaul is built on a prominent tell, but the tell has never been excavated so the site's earliest history is unknown.[2] The Muslim invader Shah Wilayat came to Narnaul in 1137 CE with sword and jewels (bribes), and he was killed here by the native rajputs in the battle — over half a century before the Muslim conquest of Delhi.[1][2] The dargah built for him has a coffered roof similar to early monuments at Ajmer and Bayana and may have been built during this early period.[2] Some architecture from the time of the Delhi Sultanate survives in Narnaul; the earlier phases are mostly concentrated in and around the dargah complex of Shah Wilayat, while many buildings from the Lodi dynasty are found both in Narnaul itself and on the road to Delhi.[2] These buildings are typically undated.[2]
Narnaul is likely the birthplace of the emperor Sher Shah Suri; his family is known to have had ties here for multiple generations before him.[2] After his defeat of Humayun in 1540, Sher Shah built a monumental tomb for his grandfather, Ibrahim Khan Suri, inside the dargah complex at Narnaul.[2] This tomb is built in the Lodi architectural style.[2] Later buildings from the Mughal Empire include the Jal Mahal and the octagonal tomb of Shah Quli Khan.[2] An ornate haveli, the Chhata Rai Bal Mukund Das, reflects the "Bengali" architectural style that was spread to northern India at the time of Shah Jahan and was later popular under the Rajput princes.[2]
In the 1700s, Narnaul variously came under Rajput and Maratha control.[2] The Muslim Nawab of Narnaul took part in the Indian Rebellion of 1857 and, after its suppression, the British confiscated his lands and gave them to the Maharaja of Patiala, who had sided with them during the war.[2]
Fort
Nivajpur Fort, built by mughal jagirdar Abhay Pradhan at Nivajpur village 10 km from Narnaul, has 3 ft wide and 20 ft high stone walls. It had a system of wells, warehouses, stables and a 42 ft wide gateway, all of which now lie in ruins.[3]
Battle of Narnaul
The Battle of Narnaul (also called Battle of Nasibpur) was fought on 16 November 1857, between the British Raj and Aheer forces during the First War of Indian Independence.[4] In 1857, Aheer leader Pran Sukh Yadav along with Rao Tula Ram, the King of Rewari, Kushal Singh of Auwa and Rao Dhan Singh of Charkhi Dadri fought with the British at Nasibpur village near Narnaul. The battle was one of the most ferocious battles of the First War of Indian Independence.[5] During the Battle of Narnaul at Nasibpur on 16 November 1857, British lost 2000 British soldiers and their commanders Colonel Gerrard and Captain Wallace, 5000 British soldiers and officers Captain Craige, Captain Kennedy and Captain Pearse were wounded. Colonel Gerrard died after getting mortally wounded in a military engagement against Rao Kishan Singh.[6][4] Later, Pran Sukh Yadav settled at the village of Nihalpura and rehabilitated the kin of dead soldiers.[5]
Rao Krishan Gopal, from Nangal Pathani village of Gurgaon district was the Kotwal of Meerut, who had played a prominent part in collaboration with Raja Nahar Singh of Ballabhgarh, Nawab of Jhajjar, and Rao Shahamat Khan of Mewat, by organising the patriotic forces and participating in several battles against the British troops. He and his younger brother, Rao Ram Lal, were killed in this battle of Nasibpur.[7]
Geography
Narnaul is located at 28.04°N 76.11°E.[8] It has an average elevation of 300 meters (977 feet). The district is rich in mineral resources such as iron ore, copper ore, beryl, tourmaline, muscovite, biotite, albite, calcite, and quartz.
Climate
In winters, the temperature can reach a low of 3 °C. In summer the highest temperature is 48.4 °C.[9]
| Climate data for Narnaul (1981–2010, extremes 1965–2005) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 30.6 (87.1) |
34.5 (94.1) |
41.0 (105.8) |
44.0 (111.2) |
48.1 (118.6) |
48.4 (119.1) |
45.0 (113.0) |
43.0 (109.4) |
41.0 (105.8) |
40.5 (104.9) |
37.6 (99.7) |
30.6 (87.1) |
48.4 (119.1) |
| Average high °C (°F) | 20.7 (69.3) |
24.3 (75.7) |
30.7 (87.3) |
37.2 (99.0) |
40.7 (105.3) |
41.3 (106.3) |
36.4 (97.5) |
34.5 (94.1) |
35.4 (95.7) |
33.5 (92.3) |
28.8 (83.8) |
23.2 (73.8) |
32.2 (90.0) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 4.8 (40.6) |
7.1 (44.8) |
12.6 (54.7) |
18.9 (66.0) |
24.3 (75.7) |
26.3 (79.3) |
25.4 (77.7) |
24.7 (76.5) |
23.0 (73.4) |
17.4 (63.3) |
11.3 (52.3) |
6.2 (43.2) |
16.8 (62.2) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 0.0 (32.0) |
0.1 (32.2) |
2.0 (35.6) |
9.8 (49.6) |
11.5 (52.7) |
11.0 (51.8) |
17.0 (62.6) |
18.6 (65.5) |
14.3 (57.7) |
9.3 (48.7) |
0.1 (32.2) |
−0.9 (30.4) |
−0.9 (30.4) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 13.4 (0.53) |
12.2 (0.48) |
8.0 (0.31) |
4.7 (0.19) |
34.0 (1.34) |
55.2 (2.17) |
149.8 (5.90) |
101.3 (3.99) |
30.6 (1.20) |
11.1 (0.44) |
2.3 (0.09) |
6.5 (0.26) |
429.1 (16.89) |
| Average rainy days | 0.8 | 1.2 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 2.3 | 3.3 | 6.1 | 4.8 | 1.9 | 0.9 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 22.9 |
| Average relative humidity (%) (at 17:30 IST) | 47 | 45 | 36 | 33 | 37 | 39 | 55 | 65 | 55 | 55 | 43 | 45 | 46 |
| Source: India Meteorological Department[10][11] | |||||||||||||
Demographics
As of 2001 India census, Narnaul had a population of 74,581.Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Narnaul has an average literacy rate of 68%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 76%, and female literacy is 58%. In Narnaul, 14% of the population is under 6 years of age.[12]
Hindi and Ahirwati are the languages majorly spoken in Narnaul.
See also
- Satnami revolt, in Narnaul during 1672
- Administrative divisions of Haryana
References
- Monuments & Sites in Haryana, Archaeological Survey Of India, page 35.
- Burton-Page, J. (1993). "NĀRNAWL". In Bosworth, C.E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W.P.; Pellat, Ch. (eds.). The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Vol. VII (MIF-NAZ). Leiden: Brill. pp. 965–6. ISBN 90-04-09419-9. Retrieved 21 December 2022.
- Sohan Singh Khattar and Reena Kar, 2021, Know Your State Haryana, Arihant Publications, pp 308.
- Dr Malti Malik, History of India, p. 356.
- "Tribune India". 3 December 2007. Retrieved 12 October 2014.
- The Central India Campaign
- 1981, Haryana Review, Volume 15, p. 29.
- Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Narnaul
- Narnaul records lowest temperature, NDTV.
- "Station: Narnaul Climatological Table 1981–2010" (PDF). Climatological Normals 1981–2010. India Meteorological Department. January 2015. pp. 541–542. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 1 March 2020.
- "Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. December 2016. p. M66. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 1 March 2020.
- "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2011 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 16 June 2004. Retrieved 1 November 2008.
External links
Mahendragarh district topics | ||
|---|---|---|
| History |  | |
| Cities and towns | ||
| Education | ||
| Lok Sabha constituencies | ||
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