National Women's Studies Association

National Women's Studies Association
Formation	1977
Type	501(c)
Purpose	Academic support
Location	United States;
Region served	North America
Membership	2,350[1]
Key people	Karsonya Wise Whitehead, President; Ariella Rotramel, Vice President; Heidi R. Lewis, Secretary; Angela Clark-Taylor, Treasurer;
Website	www.nwsa.org
	https://www.nwsa.org/page/People

The National Women's Studies Association (NWSA) is an organization founded in 1977, made up of scholars and practitioners in the field of women's studies also known as women's and gender studies, feminist studies, and related names in the 21st century.[2]

Their mission is to further the development of women's studies throughout the world through open dialogue and communication.[3] Since its inception, NWSA has been the subject of controversy based on its failure to include marginalized women in the conversation.[4][5][6] The NWSA offer two types of memberships, individual and institutional,[7] both of which offer a variety of different benefits. In addition to hosting annual conferences, NWSA also provides access to constituency groups, and offers various awards, including NWSA Book Prizes, Women's Center Committee Awards, and Student Awards and Prizes.[8]

Founding

In 1973, women's studies pioneer Catharine R. Stimpson called for the founding of a national women's studies organization.[9] Discussions took place over the next three years in women’s studies spaces. In 1976, Sybil Weir from San Jose State University called an official meeting for people interested in creating plans for a national organization.[3]

Following a grant from the Ford Foundation, the first NWSA conference was held in January 1977 at the University of San Francisco, co-sponsored by San Jose State University and the Santa Clara County Commission on the Status of Women.[10] Over 500 people attended the three-day convention. According to Barbara W. Gerber, who served on NWSA's Coordinating Council, NSA aimed to be inclusive of all women, with a subset of regional groups, and agreed upon a leadership group known as the Coordinating Council.[3]

Mission

NWSA was formed to further the social, political, and professional development of women's studies throughout the world. The organization centers open dialogue and communication among women for positive social change and was founded upon the women's liberation movement. It promotes freedom from sexism, racism, homophobia, antisemitism, anti-Zionism, and from all suppressive ideologies and institutions. Its goals are to equip women to enter society and transform the world to one without systemic oppression.[11]

Annual Pre-Conferences

Program Administration and Development (PAD) Pre-Conference[12]
Women's Centers Committee (WCC) Pre-Conference[12]
Feminist Teacher Workshop[12]

Women of Color Leadership Project

The WoCC encourages employment and student participation by women of color in women's studies, by offering positions of leadership at the organization. [13]

Controversies

Racism and classism

Women of color protested racism within the organization during its early years, as did immigrant women. Men also reported being treated as if they had no right to participate.[14] In 1979, after attending the conference, Nupur Chaudhuri wrote an article A Third World Woman's View of the Convention, outlining her negative experiences.[15] As a result, the NWSA created the Third World Caucus, later the Women of Color Caucus, and established a coordinating council of the group. Chaudhuri drafted guidelines for inclusiveness to eliminate sexism and racism in future conferences, which were implemented in 1980.[16] During NWSA's 1981 conference in Storrs, Connecticut, poet Audre Lorde gave the keynote address admonishing conference-goers that if "women in the academy truly want a dialogue about racism, it will require recognizing the needs and living contexts of other women."[4]

The 1981 conference was further criticized by Chela Sandoval for its classism, as travel fare and conference fees were difficult to afford. This coupled with the theme of racism caused attendance rates to suffer. The lack of inclusivity for women of color led to the Third World Women's Consciousness Raising group to discuss issues of racism and classism in NWSA.[17]

During the closing of the 1981 conference Barbara Smith, a member of the Combahee River Collective (CRC), asserted that for all the white women within NWSA tired of hearing about racism, there were just as many women of color who were sick of experiencing it. She criticizes NWSA for the disconnect between their goals and actions by stating their definition of feminism fails at being inclusive of all women.[5] Smith's work within the CRC argues not to separate race from class or sexual oppression because they are experienced simultaneously.[18]

Former NWSA president Beverly Guy-Sheftall noted, "I wanted NWSA to be an inclusive, multiracial, multicultural organization where women of color and their feminisms would not be marginalized."[6] Led by feminists like Guy-Sheftall, NWSA has worked to center intersectionality in its institutional practices and leadership structure with the support of a Ford Foundation grant.[19]

Lesbian separatism

During the 1977 conference, lesbians spoke about their invisibility in NWSA. Lesbians during this time were combating internal and external homophobia along with their racist and classist issues. This birthed the Lesbian Women's Caucus which sought to address issues of homophobia from within the organization and the media.[20]

Anti-Zionism

In 2015, the NWSA membership voted to "back the boycott, divestment, and sanctions movement against Israel" along with other major academic organizations.[21][22] In response to critiques of antisemitism following their support of member Jasbir K. Puar, NWSA responded by stating the organization holds firm in their conviction.[23]

Membership

NWSA offers individual annual memberships with cost bands based on employment, income, and student status. Individuals members can find colleagues in the member directory, present at the annual conference, receive reduced registration rates, apply for scholarships and conference grants, apply for NWSA awards and prizes, and participate in the discussion forums. Benefits of being an individual membership include being able to be a representation member and have the ability to discuss ideas.[24]

Institutions can list their program, department, or nonprofit organization in the public member directory, receive three complimentary student memberships annually, post employment listings related to women's studies, and participate in the discussion forum.[24]

The National Women’s Studies Association held its annual conference. The conference that was held in November year of 2013. The conference was called “ Negotiating Points of Encounter”. The conference focused on sub themes such as “the sacred and profane”, “border and margins”, “futures of the feminist past”, and “body politics”.

Constituency groups

NWSA membership offers the ability to join several constituency groups, including:[25]

Caucuses

Aging and Ageism Caucus
Community College Caucus
Feminist Mothering Caucus
Girls and Girls Studies Caucus
Graduate Student Caucus
Indigenous Peoples Caucus
Jewish Caucus
Lesbian Caucus
North American Asian Feminist Collective
Queer and Trans People of Color Caucus
South Asian Feminist Caucus
Trans/Gender-Variant Caucus
Transnational Feminisms Caucus
Undergraduate Student Caucus
Women of Color Caucus

Interest groups

Animal Studies/Animal Ethics Interest Group
Arts and Performance Interest Group
Asexuality Studies Interest Group
Confronting Campus Sexual Assault
Contingent Faculty Interest Group
Disabilities Studies Interest Group
Distance Education Interest Group
Early Modern Women Interest Group
Fat Studies Interest Group
Feminism and Activism Interest Group
Feminist Masculinities Interest Group
Feminist Media Studies Interest Group
Feminist Pedagogy Interest Group
Feminist Spirituality Interest Group
Feminists for Justice In/For Palestine
Gender, Women's, and Feminist Studies (GWFS) PhD Interest Group
Law and Public Policy Interest Group
Publishing Feminisms Interest Group
Reproductive Justice Interest Group
Third Wave Feminisms Interest Group

Task forces

Anti White Supremacy Task Force
International Task Force
Librarians Task Force
Science and Technology Task Force
Social Justice Education Task Force

Journal

NWSA publishes Feminist Formations, a journal that cultivates feminist conversations from around the world regarding research, theory, activism, teaching, and learning. The journal changed its name from NWSA Journal in 2010 to be inclusive of both NWSA conference papers and works from academic sources and individuals globally.[26]

Awards

Every year during the months of April–June, NWSA presents awards and prizes for books, students, and women's centers:[27]

Book prizes[28]

Gloria E. Anzaldúa Book Prize
Alison Piepmeier Book Prize
Sara A. Whaley Book Prize
NWSA/UIP First Book Prize

Student prizes[29]

NWSA Graduate Scholarship
NWSA Women of Color Caucus-Frontiers Student Essay Award
Trans/Gender-Variant Caucus Award
Lesbian Caucus Award

Women's center awards[30]

Outstanding Achievement Award
Emerging Leader Award
Founders Awards
Lifetime Achievement Award

Presidents

Prior to 1983, the board of directors was styled as a coordinating council without a hierarchical structure. There was no defined leadership and the size of the council made conducting business difficult.[3]^: 10–12 Council members included faculty, staff, and students elected from twelve regional divisions as well as special focus areas like, representatives of the Global South, lesbians, staff, and pre-K-12 teachers.[3]^: 6 Members who served from 1977 to 1983 included:

Coordinating Council (1977–1983)

Joyce Abbott, Buffalo, New York (1979–1981)[31]
Emily Abel, California State University, Long Beach, (1979)[32]
Shauna Adix, University of Utah, (1978)[33]
Elizabeth Alexander, New England College, (1977–1978)[34][33]
Azizah al-Hibri, Washington University in St. Louis, (1982)[35]
Katherine Amato-von Hemert, Evanston, Illinois, (1981–1982)[31][35]
Judith Anderson, Jamestown, Rhode Island, (1981–1983)[35][36]
Nancy Angelo, Los Angeles, California, (1981–1983)[35]
Elizabeth R. Baer, Wilder, Vermont, (1977–1979)[34][33][32]
Angelika Bammer, Madison, Wisconsin, (1980–1982)[37][31][35]
Mae Barrow, Venice, California, (1981)[31]
Wilma Beaman, State University of New York at Oswego, (1982–1983)[35][36]
Evelyn Beck, University of Wisconsin–Madison, (1977–1979)[34][33][32]
Elizabeth Birch, University of Hawaii, (1980)[37]
Karen Blackwell, Columbus, Ohio (1979–1981)[37]
Maija Blaubergs, University of Georgia, (1977–1979)[34][33][32]
Chris Bose, University of Washington, (1977–1979)[34][33][32]
Clare Bright, University of Washington, (1979–1983)[32][37][35][36]
Betsy Brinson, Richmond, Virginia, (1980–1983)[31][35]
Marva Brown, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, (1979–1981)[37]
Nanette Bruckner, University of Houston–Clear Lake, (1977–1978),[34][33] (1981–1983)[31][35]
Elisa Buenaventura, West Newton, Massachusetts, (1977)[34]
Susan Cayleff, Brooklyn College, (1977–1979)[34][33][32]
Nupur Chaudhuri, Douglas Community Center, Manhattan, Kansas (1980)[37]
Martha Chew, Boston, Massachusetts, (1982–1983)[36]
Ginger Chih, San Francisco, California, (1977–1978)[34][33]
Charlotte Christe, Newark, Delaware, (1980)[37]
Nan Cinnater, University of Missouri–St. Louis, (1980)[37]
Denni Johnson Clagett, Maryland, (1979)[32]
Ann Clarkson, Portland Community College, (1980–1981)[37][31]
Sandra Coyner, Kansas State University, (1982–1983)[36]
Rosemary Curb, Rollins College, (1982–1983)[36]
Virginia Cyrus, Southampton, Pennsylvania, (1980–1983)[31][35][36]
Chris Czernik, Cambridge, Massachusetts (1982–1983)[36]
Myra Dinnerstein, University of Arizona, (1977)[34]
Linda Dolive, Northern Kentucky University, (1979)[32]
Rosie Doughty, Lorain City School District, (1977–1978)[34][33]
Anne Elizabeth, Berkeley, California, (1977)[34]
Pamella Farley, Brooklyn College, (1977–1979)[34][33][32]
Moira Ferguson, University of Nebraska, (1977–1979)[34][33][32]
Judith Fetterley, State University of New York at Albany, (1977–1979)[34][33][32]
Jan Finzelber, Berkeley, California, (1981–1983)[31][35][36]
Coralyn Fontaine, University of Pittsburgh, (1981–1982)[31][35]
Jeanne Ford, University of Texas at Arlington, (1979–1982)[32][31]
Lilyan Frank, University of Southern California, (1979–1981)[32][37]
Shirley Frank, City University of New York, (1979)[32]
Lucy Freibert, University of Louisville, (1980–1982)[37][31][35]
Loyola Gauna, Albuquerque, New Mexico, (1981–1983)[35]
Barbara Gerber, State University of New York at Oswego, (1981–1983)[35][36]
Janine Giarrusso, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, (1982)[35]
Sherna Gluck, Topang, California, (1977–1978)[34][33]
Lori Gold, Atlanta, Georgia, (1978–1979)[33][32]
Sylvia Gonzales, San Jose State University, (1977)[34]
Doris Goodrich, Honolulu, Hawaii, (1981)[31]
Susan Gore, Ft. Worth, Texas, (1980–1982)[37]
Pat Gozemba, Salem State College, (1979–1982),[32][37][31][35]
Elsa Greene, University of Pennsylvania, (1977–1978)[34][33]
Christine Guerro, Washington University in St. Louis, (1981–1983)[31][35]
Sharon Hagan, Hyattsville, Maryland, (1980)[37]
Mary Lynn Hamilton, University of Arizona, (1981–1983)[31][35][36]
Marilyn Harman, University of Hawaii, (1977–1978),[34][33] (1979–1981)[37]
Kathy Hickok, Iowa State University, (1982–1983)[36]
Barbara Hillyer-Davis, University of Oklahoma, (1977–1979),[34][33][32] (1982–1983)[36]
Florence Howe, The Feminist Press, (1979)[32]
Barbara Jacobskind, Southeastern Massachusetts University, (1979–1981)[32][37]
Gayle Johnson, Buffalo, New York, (1977–1978)[34][33]
Pauline Kayes, Parkland College, (1980–1981)[37][31]
Natalie Kazmierski, Vestel, New York, (1980–1982)[37][31]
Elizabeth Kincaid-Ehlers, Trinity College of Connecticut(1979)[32]
Sylvia Kramer, Great Neck, New York, (1977–1978)[34][33]
Mary Kay Lane, Douglass College, (1977)[34]
Sharon Leder, State University of New York at Buffalo, (1982–1983)[36]
Aldora Lee, Moscow, Idaho, (1981–1983)[31][35][36]
Bettina Lewis, Goucher College, (1981–1983)[35]
Jeanine Lindstrom, Stephens College, (1980–1982)[37]
Martha Maas, Ohio State University, (1982–1983)[36]
Irene Mack, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, (1980)[37]
Diane Marting, New Brunswick, New Jersey, (1980)[37]
Barbara Matthews, Palm Beach Community College, (1982–1983)[35][36]
Paula Mayhew, Ardmore, Pennsylvania, (1979–1981)[37]
Diane McDermott, University of Kansas, (1982–1983)[36]
Maggie McFadden-Gerber, Appalachian State University, (1980–1982)[37]
André McLaughlin, Medgar Evers College, (1981–1982)[31][35]
Toni McNaron, University of Minnesota, (1977–1978)[34][33]
Elizabeth Meese, University of Alabama (1981–1983)[31]
Jan Meriwether, Center for Self-Reliant Education, Sunnyvale, California, (1978–1980)[33][32][37]
Kristian Miccio, State University of New York at New Paltz, (1980–1983)[31][35]
Pat Miller, University of Connecticut, (1980–1982)[37][31]
Helen Moore, University of Nebraska (1982–1983)[36]
Sandra Moore, Alverno College, (1977–1978)[34][33]
Sherri Moses, Lansing, Michigan, (1977)[34]
Yolanda T. Moses, Long Beach, California (1982–1983)[36]
Julie Murphy, Chicago, Illinois, (1982)[35]
Sirlean Newton, University of Southern California, (1980–1981)[37][31]
Sandy Nickel, University of Missouri, (1981–1983)[31][35]
Margaret Nielsen, Molokai, Hawaii, (1980–1982)[31][35]
Ann Nihlen, University of New Mexico, (1981–1983)[31][35][36]
Lucia Ortiz, Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts, (1982–1983)[36]
Barbara Parker, University of Colorado Boulder, (1979–1981)[32][37]
Linda Parker, Ann Arbor, Michigan, (1982–1983)[36]
Luvenia Pinson, Brooklyn College, (1977–1978)[34][33]
Sandy Pollack, Ithaca, New York, (1982–1983)[36]
Rae Jeane Popham, Santa Monica College, (1978)[33]
Cathy Portuges, University of Massachusetts, (1977–1978)[34][33]
Pat Quercia, Brooklyn College, (1977–1978)[34][33]
Mirtha N. Quintanales, Columbus, Ohio, (1980–1981)[37][31]
Deborah S. Rosenfelt, San Francisco State University, (1979)[32]
Mary Rothschild, Arizona State University at Tempe, (1982–1983)[36]
Sandra Rubaii, Tompkins Cortland Community College, (1978),[33] (1982)[35]
Carol Lee Sanchez, San Francisco State University, (1982–1983)[36]
Diane Sands, University of Montana, (1977–1978)[34][33]
Nancy Schniedewind, State University of New York at New Paltz, (1979–1981)[37]
Patricia Bell-Scott, University of Tennessee, (1977–1978)[34][33]
Susan Shaffer, Berkeley, California, (1977–1979)[34][33][32]
Carol Shakeshaft, Hofstra University, (1980–1983),[37][31][35][36]
Thelma Shinn, Arizona State University, (1981–1983)[31]
Nancy Skeen, University of South Dakota, (1980–1982)[37][31]
Eleanor Smith, University of Cincinnati, (1981–1983)[31][35][36]
Mary Margaret Smith, University of California, Los Angeles, (1982–1983)[36]
Wilda Smith, Fort Hays State College, (1977–1978)[34][33]
Alice Stadthaus, Salem, Massachusetts, (1981–1982)[31][35]
Beth Stafford, Champaign, Illinois, (1981–1983)[35][36]
Judith Ann Sturnick, Capital University, (1977)[34]
Barbara Taylor, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, (1979–1983)[32][37][36]
Irene Thompson, University of Florida, (1979–1981)[37]
Mary Thornberry, University of Arizona, (1980–1982)[37]
Susan Tournour, NA Survival School of Brant, NY, (1980)[37]
Kathryn "Kay" Towns, Pennsylvania State University at Middletown, (1979–1983)[32][37][31][36]
Catherine Tromovitch, Davis, California, (1982–1983)[36]
Suzanne Vilmain, Los Alamos, New Mexico (1977–1978)[34][33]
AnMarie Wagstaff, Davis, California (1982–1983)[36]
Billie Wahlstrom, University of Southern California, (1977–1979),[34][33][32] (1982–1983)[36]
Elizabeth Waters, Portland, Oregon, (1981–1982)[31][35]
Barbara Waugh, Graduate Theological Union, (1980)[37]
Louise Weeks, Scarritt College, (1977)[34]
Diane Woolis, University of Connecticut, (1980–1983)[31][35]
Robin Wright, San Jose, California, (1980–1982)[37]

Chairs (1983–1993) and presidents (1994–present)

1983–1985, Clare Bright,[38] Mankato State University[36]
1985–1986, Martha Maas,[38] Ohio State University[36]
1986–1987, Helen A. Moore,[38] University of Nebraska[36]
1987–1988, Wilma Beaman,[38] State University of New York at Oswego[36]
1988–1989, Patricia A. Gozemba,[38] Salem State College[39]
1989-1991, Marlene Longenecker,[38] Ohio State University[40]
1991–1992, Wilma Boddie-Beaman,[38] The College at Brockport, State University of New York[41]
1992–1993 (co-chairs), Sue Mansfield, Claremont McKenna College[38][42] and Berenice A. Carroll,[38] Purdue University[43]
1993–1994, Vivien Ng,[38] State University of New York at Albany[44]
1994–1995, Sandra Coyner,[38] Southern Oregon University[45]
1995–1996, Marjorie Pryse,[38] State University of New York at Albany[46]
1996–1997, Betty J. Harris,[38] University of Oklahoma[47]
1997–1998, Barbara Gerber,[38] State University of New York at Oswego[48]
1998–1999, Bonnie Zimmerman,[38] San Diego State University[49]
1999–2000, Berenice Carroll,[38] Purdue University[43]
2000–2001, Annette Van Dyke,[38] University of Illinois Springfield[50]
2001-2002, Magdalena García Pinto,[38] University of Missouri[51]
2002-2003, María C. González,[38] University of Houston[52]
2003–2004, Colette Morrow,[38] Purdue University-Calumet[53]
2004–2005, Jacquelyn Zita,[38] University of Minnesota[54]
2005–2006, Judith Roy,[38] Century College[55]
2006–2008, Barbara J. Howe,[38] West Virginia University[56]
2008–2010, Beverly Guy-Sheftall,[38] Spelman College[57]
2010–2012, Bonnie Thornton Dill,[38] University of Maryland[58]
2012–2014, Yi-Chun Tricia Lin,[38] Southern Connecticut State University[59]
2014–2016, Vivian M. May,[38] Syracuse University[60]
2016–2018, Barbara Ransby,[38] University of Illinois Chicago[61]
2018–2020, Premilla Nadasen,[38] Barnard College[62]
2020–2022, Karsonya Wise Whitehead[38] Loyola University Maryland[63]

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Graf, Jr., Joseph L. (Fall 2009). "Alumni News" (PDF). Geology & Geophysics News. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University. pp. 14–15. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 2, 2021.
Crowley, Matthew (June 9, 1996). "A Conference by and about Women". The Post-Star. Glens Falls, New York. p. 21. Retrieved April 21, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
"Harris to Speak at ABWA Event". The Norman Transcript. Norman, Oklahoma. February 3, 2016. Archived from the original on April 21, 2022. Retrieved April 21, 2022.
"About Gender and Women's Studies". oswego.edu. Oswego, New York: State University of New York at Oswego. Archived from the original on September 22, 2020. Retrieved April 21, 2022.
"Diners Helped Serve up Equality". Santa Cruz Sentinel. Santa Cruz, California. Associated Press. September 22, 1995. p. 7. Retrieved April 21, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
Haggerty, George; Zimmerman, Bonnie, eds. (2005). "Contributors". Encyclopedia of Lesbian and Gay Histories and Cultures. Hoboken, New Jersey: Taylor and Francis. p. xliv. ISBN 978-1-135-57870-1.
Martin, Dolores Moyano; Mundell, P. Sue, eds. (1999). Handbook of Latin American Studies. No. 56, Humanities. Austin, Texas: University of Texas Press. p. 560. ISBN 978-0-292-75231-3.
"Varying Opinions Bring Different Perspectives to Women's Studies Programs – 2002-03-28". VOA News. Washington, D.C. October 29, 2009. Archived from the original on April 21, 2022. Retrieved April 21, 2022.
"Two CHESS Faculty Earn Promotion to Full Professor". pnw.edu. Hammond, Indiana: Purdue University Northwest. August 18, 2020. Archived from the original on October 19, 2020. Retrieved April 21, 2022.
Bitters, Janice (February 8, 2013). "Gender, Women and Sexuality Department Celebrates 40 Years". Minnesota Daily. Minneapolis, Minnesota. Archived from the original on February 28, 2021. Retrieved April 21, 2022.
"Judith M. Roy". Star Tribune. Minneapolis, Minnesota. January 24, 2021. Archived from the original on April 21, 2022. Retrieved April 21, 2022.
"Historical Hall of Fame: Barbara J. Howe". virginiahistoryseries.org. Alexandria, Virginia: Virginia History Series. Archived from the original on April 29, 2016. Retrieved April 21, 2022.
"Beverly Guy-Sheftall". Alexandria, Virginia: National Women's History Museum. Archived from the original on February 19, 2022. Retrieved April 21, 2022.
"Bonnie Thornton Dill". Harriet Tubman Department of Women, Gender, and Sexuality Studies. College Park, Maryland: University of Maryland. Archived from the original on January 23, 2021. Retrieved April 21, 2022.
Blake, Kiera (January 16, 2014). "A closer look at Professor Tricia Lin's transition". The Southern News. New Haven, Connecticut. Archived from the original on April 2, 2019. Retrieved April 21, 2022.
Scalese, Sarah (January 27, 2015). "Women's and Gender Studies Chair Vivian May Publishes New Book". Arts & Culture. Syracuse, New York: Syracuse University. Archived from the original on May 6, 2021. Retrieved April 21, 2022.
"Barbara Ransby". The Center for the Humanities. New York City: Graduate Center, CUNY. 2011. Archived from the original on May 15, 2021. Retrieved April 21, 2022.
"Premilla Nadasen". worldhistory.columbia.edu. New York City: Columbia University and London School of Economics. Archived from the original on June 11, 2021. Retrieved April 21, 2022.
LaReau, Renée (January 7, 2016). "Karsonya (Kaye) Whitehead, M.A. '93". Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies. Notre Dame, Indiana: University of Notre Dame. Archived from the original on January 7, 2022. Retrieved April 21, 2022.

External links

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[NWSAAbout-1] "About". National Women's Studies Association. Retrieved March 13, 2016.

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[Redden-21] Redden, Elizabeth. "Another Association Backs Israel Boycott". News. Inside Higher Ed. Retrieved March 13, 2016.

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[:1-24] "Membership". Retrieved December 3, 2018.

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[:5-27] "Awards". NWSA. Archived from the original on December 15, 2018. Retrieved December 3, 2018.

[28] "Book Prizes". NWSA. Retrieved December 3, 2018.

[29] "Student Prizes". NWSA. Retrieved December 3, 2018.

[30] "Women's Centers Awards". NWSA. Retrieved December 3, 2018.

[Miller,_et._al_1981-31] Miller, Pat; Stevens, Dania C.; Woolis, Diana; Hillyer Davis, Barbara; Frech, Patricia A. (Spring 1981). "NWSA News and Views: National Women's Studies Association Coordinating Council, 1981". Women's Studies Quarterly. Old Westbury, New York: Feminist Press. 9 (1): 39. ISSN 0363-1133. JSTOR 40003603. OCLC 5547301697. Retrieved April 20, 2022.

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[Reuben,_Blaubergs_1978-33] Reuben, Elaine; Blaubergs, Maija S. (Spring 1978). "NWSA News: Coordinating Council of the NWSA". Women's Studies Quarterly. Old Westbury, New York: Feminist Press. 6 (2): 9. ISSN 0363-1133. JSTOR 40042455. OCLC 5547224561. Retrieved April 19, 2022.

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[Gore,_et._al_1981-35] Gore, Susan; Reuben, Elaine; Howe, Florence; Chinn, Phyllis; Ribnick, Rosalind (Winter 1981). "NWSA News and Views: National Women's Studies Association Coordinating Council, 1982". Women's Studies Quarterly. Old Westbury, New York: Feminist Press. 9 (4): 39. ISSN 0363-1133. JSTOR 40003968. OCLC 5547216199. Retrieved April 19, 2022.

[NWSA_1982-36] "NWSA News and Views: NWSA Coordinating Council, 1982–1983". Women's Studies Quarterly. Old Westbury, New York: Feminist Press. 10 (3): 34. Fall 1982. ISSN 0363-1133. JSTOR 40004051. OCLC 5547214100. Retrieved April 20, 2022.

[Reuben_1980-37] Reuben, Elaine (Winter 1980). "NWSA News and Views: National Women's Studies Association Coordinating Council, 1980". Women's Studies Quarterly. Old Westbury, New York: Feminist Press. 8 (1): 12. ISSN 0363-1133. JSTOR 40042470. OCLC 5547223461. Retrieved April 19, 2022.

[people-38] "Governing Council". nwsa.org. Chicago, Illinois: National Women's Studies Association. 2022. Archived from the original on April 19, 2022. Retrieved April 20, 2022.

[Love2006-39] Love, Barbara J., ed. (2006). "Gozemba, Patricia Andrea". Feminists Who Changed America, 1963–1975. Urbana, Illinois: University of Illinois Press. p. 183. ISBN 978-0-252-09747-8.

[40] "Marlene Blaney Longenecker". The Columbus Dispatch. Columbus, Ohio. December 31, 2014. Archived from the original on April 20, 2022. Retrieved April 20, 2022 – via Legacy.com.

[41] Leatherman, Courtney (July 1, 1992). "Women's-Studies Group, Hoping to Heal Wounds, Finds More Conflict". The Chronicle of Higher Education. Washington, D.C. Archived from the original on April 20, 2022. Retrieved April 20, 2022.

[42] "Sue Mansfield". Daily Bulletin. Pomona, California. November 6, 2002. Archived from the original on April 20, 2022. Retrieved April 20, 2022 – via Legacy.com.

[Purdue-43] "Carroll, Berenice A." archives.lib.purdue.edu. West Lafayette, Indiana: Purdue University. 2018. Archived from the original on January 16, 2021. Retrieved April 20, 2022.

[44] "Vivien W. Ng". albany.edu. Albany, New York: University at Albany, SUNY. 2022. Archived from the original on January 2, 2022. Retrieved April 20, 2022.

[45] Graf, Jr., Joseph L. (Fall 2009). "Alumni News" (PDF). Geology & Geophysics News. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University. pp. 14–15. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 2, 2021.

[46] Crowley, Matthew (June 9, 1996). "A Conference by and about Women". The Post-Star. Glens Falls, New York. p. 21. Retrieved April 21, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.

[47] "Harris to Speak at ABWA Event". The Norman Transcript. Norman, Oklahoma. February 3, 2016. Archived from the original on April 21, 2022. Retrieved April 21, 2022.

[48] "About Gender and Women's Studies". oswego.edu. Oswego, New York: State University of New York at Oswego. Archived from the original on September 22, 2020. Retrieved April 21, 2022.

[49] "Diners Helped Serve up Equality". Santa Cruz Sentinel. Santa Cruz, California. Associated Press. September 22, 1995. p. 7. Retrieved April 21, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.

[50] Haggerty, George; Zimmerman, Bonnie, eds. (2005). "Contributors". Encyclopedia of Lesbian and Gay Histories and Cultures. Hoboken, New Jersey: Taylor and Francis. p. xliv. ISBN 978-1-135-57870-1.

[51] Martin, Dolores Moyano; Mundell, P. Sue, eds. (1999). Handbook of Latin American Studies. No. 56, Humanities. Austin, Texas: University of Texas Press. p. 560. ISBN 978-0-292-75231-3.

[52] "Varying Opinions Bring Different Perspectives to Women's Studies Programs – 2002-03-28". VOA News. Washington, D.C. October 29, 2009. Archived from the original on April 21, 2022. Retrieved April 21, 2022.

[53] "Two CHESS Faculty Earn Promotion to Full Professor". pnw.edu. Hammond, Indiana: Purdue University Northwest. August 18, 2020. Archived from the original on October 19, 2020. Retrieved April 21, 2022.

[54] Bitters, Janice (February 8, 2013). "Gender, Women and Sexuality Department Celebrates 40 Years". Minnesota Daily. Minneapolis, Minnesota. Archived from the original on February 28, 2021. Retrieved April 21, 2022.

[55] "Judith M. Roy". Star Tribune. Minneapolis, Minnesota. January 24, 2021. Archived from the original on April 21, 2022. Retrieved April 21, 2022.

[56] "Historical Hall of Fame: Barbara J. Howe". virginiahistoryseries.org. Alexandria, Virginia: Virginia History Series. Archived from the original on April 29, 2016. Retrieved April 21, 2022.

[57] "Beverly Guy-Sheftall". Alexandria, Virginia: National Women's History Museum. Archived from the original on February 19, 2022. Retrieved April 21, 2022.

[58] "Bonnie Thornton Dill". Harriet Tubman Department of Women, Gender, and Sexuality Studies. College Park, Maryland: University of Maryland. Archived from the original on January 23, 2021. Retrieved April 21, 2022.

[59] Blake, Kiera (January 16, 2014). "A closer look at Professor Tricia Lin's transition". The Southern News. New Haven, Connecticut. Archived from the original on April 2, 2019. Retrieved April 21, 2022.

[60] Scalese, Sarah (January 27, 2015). "Women's and Gender Studies Chair Vivian May Publishes New Book". Arts & Culture. Syracuse, New York: Syracuse University. Archived from the original on May 6, 2021. Retrieved April 21, 2022.

[61] "Barbara Ransby". The Center for the Humanities. New York City: Graduate Center, CUNY. 2011. Archived from the original on May 15, 2021. Retrieved April 21, 2022.

[62] "Premilla Nadasen". worldhistory.columbia.edu. New York City: Columbia University and London School of Economics. Archived from the original on June 11, 2021. Retrieved April 21, 2022.

[63] LaReau, Renée (January 7, 2016). "Karsonya (Kaye) Whitehead, M.A. '93". Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies. Notre Dame, Indiana: University of Notre Dame. Archived from the original on January 7, 2022. Retrieved April 21, 2022.

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