Neligh, Nebraska

In May 1877, the Ponca tribe was forced to leave their homeland on the Niobrara River and move to Indian Territory in present-day Oklahoma. The rigors of the journey and resettlement led to the death of one-third of the tribe's population. During the migration, an 18-month-old girl named White Buffalo Girl died near Neligh. Her father, Black Elk, asked the townspeople "to respect the grave of my child just as they do the graves of their own dead". She was buried in Laurel Hill Cemetery in Neligh, and her grave tended by the residents; in 1960, owing to the deterioration of the monument, the marker was set on a new foundation.[11]

Shortly after founding the town, John D. Neligh began building the Neligh Mill in the southern part of town. The original two-story mill was built with bricks made by John J. Crawford, using local clay.[12] Currently, the Neligh Mill is a Nebraska State Historical site.

This climatic region is typified by large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers and cold (sometimes severely cold) winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Neligh has a humid continental climate, abbreviated "Dfa" on climate maps.[14]

As of the census[17] of 2010, there were 1,599 people, 707 households, and 407 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,453.6 inhabitants per square mile (561.2/km²). There were 781 housing units at an average density of 710.0 per square mile (274.1/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 97.2% White, 0.3% African American, 0.3% Native American, 0.4% Asian, 1.2% from other races, and 0.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 4.2% of the population.

There were 707 households, of which 24.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.0% were married couples living together, 7.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.3% had a male householder with no wife present, and 42.4% were non-families. 39.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 21.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.17 and the average family size was 2.93.

The median age in the city was 47.1 years. 23% of residents were under the age of 18; 5.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 19.1% were from 25 to 44; 28.6% were from 45 to 64; and 24% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.8% male and 52.2% female.

As of the census[3] of 2000, there were 1,651 people, 697 households, and 443 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,731.7 inhabitants per square mile (668.6/km²). There were 771 housing units at an average density of 808.7 per square mile (312.2/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 98.97% White, 0.55% from other races, and 0.48% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 1.45% of the population.

There were 697 households, out of which 28.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.5% were married couples living together, 8.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.3% were non-families. 34.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 21.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.26 and the average family size was 2.89.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 24.0% under the age of 18, 5.9% from 18 to 24, 22.2% from 25 to 44, 23.1% from 45 to 64, and 24.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females, there were 84.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 78.5 males.

As of 2000 the median income for a household in the city was $30,580, and the median income for a family was $39,750. Males had a median income of $29,261 versus $16,667 for females. The per capita income for the city was $17,888. About 10.6% of families and 14.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 23.2% of those under age 18 and 10.1% of those age 65 or over.