New Jersey Tidelands Resource Council

The passage of the Wharf Act of 1851 allowed upland property owners to reclaim or wharf out tidal lands otherwise claimed by the state. Then, in 1864, the Legislature created the Board of Riparian Commissioners, the earliest predecessor to the current Tidelands Resource Council. The Wharf Act was repealed in 1869 for those areas in New York Harbor. On the same day, the Legislature enacted the United Companies Act of 1869. Under this act the United Companies were authorized to reclaim and erect wharves and other improvements in front of any of their lands adjoining Kill Van Kull or any other tidewaters, and "when so reclaimed and improved to have, hold, possess and enjoy the same as owners thereof" subject to certain provisions. The Wharf Act was repealed in its entirety in 1891.

In 1967, the Supreme Court of New Jersey affirmed in the case of O'Neill v. State Highway Department that the state owns "all lands that are flowed by the tide up to the high-water line or mark." After the O'Neill decision, legislation was adopted that required title studies and surveys of the state's tidelands. The State of New Jersey eventually filed maps laying claim to properties in seventeen of New Jersey's twenty-one counties.

Current members of the Council[2] are:

• Stuart Challoner of Island Heights
• Philip J. Diberardino, Sr of Margate
• Edward “Ned” Gaine
• Joseph A. Grabas, CTP, NTP of Freehold
• Edward “Skip” Harrison
• Martha Maxwell-Doyle of Little Egg Harbor
• Andrew Raichle
• Mary Pat Robbie of Marlton, Chairperson
• Brad Schoening of Little Silver
• Thomas C. Voltaggio of Cherry Hill
• Vacant
• Vacant

Tidelands Resource Council is the public body responsible for the stewardship of the State's riparian lands; that it is the responsibility of the council to determine whether applications for the lease, license, or grant of riparian lands are in the public interest; that it is the responsibility of the council to determine, in assessing applications for the lease, license, or grant of riparian lands, whether the State may have a future use for such lands; that the council must obtain the fair market value for the lease, license or grant of riparian lands in accordance with court decisions and legal opinions of the Attorney General. [3]

Various maps and photographic sources are used to determine ownership of tidelands.

Historical private map sources include:

• Insurance Map of Jersey City by I.B. Culver & Company 1866
• Insurance Map of the City of Hoboken by Arnois, Spielman & Co 1868

Leonard v State Highway Department of N.J., 29 N.J. Super. 188 (App. Div. 1954)

Notice to riparian owners not required when state highway agency acquires land for highway purposes.

O'Neill v State High Department, 50 N.J. 307 (1967)

Landmark riparian lands decision. Defined the mean high water line.

Ward Sand and Materials Co. v. Palmer, 51 N.J. 51 (1968)

Disrepair of embankments to exclude tide may cause tidally re-flowed lands to revert to the state.

Borough of Wildwood Crest v. Masciarella, 51 N.J. 352 (1968)

Rules of erosion and accretion.

Garrett v. State, 118 N.J. Super. 594 (Ch Div. 1972)

Artificial avulsion rule.

LeCompte v. State, 125 N.J. Super. 352 (App. Div. 1972)

Back rent for prior occupation of riparian lands

LeCompte v. State, 128 N.J. Super. 552 (App. Div. 1974)

Fair market value for conveyances

Newark v. Natural Resources Council, DEP, 133 N.J. Super. 245 (Law Div. 1975)

Mapping procedures to determine title.

B.P. Oil, Inc. v. State, 153 N.J. Super. 389 (Law Div. 1977)

State has no obligation to convey riparian lands for an inadequate price.

Newark v. Natural Resource Council, 82 N.J. 530 (Law Div. 1980)

Established validity of biological delineation using spectral reflectance. Supported state ownership claims over tidally-flowed, non-navigable waters.

Dickinson v. The Fund for the Support of Free Public Schools, 95 N.J. 65, 84 (1983)

State satisfied the requirements to define and assert riparian claims on tidelands it had identified and formalized on maps.

Housing Authority of City of Atlantic City v. State, 188 N.J. Super. 145 (1984)

Natural avulsion may not cause land to revert to state ownership.

alluvion

the increase in the shore line due to sediment

avulsion

the sudden loss of shore land from a property, typically by flooding or a change in course of a river

bulk head line

a line offshore of which no solid fill is permitted

front foot grant

a grant based upon linear width along the frontage of a property

mean high water line

the average, or mean, of all high tides over a period of 18.6 years

metes and bounds

a description of land by listing compass directions and distances of the boundaries.

pierhead line

a line offshore of a bulkhead allowing for piers but where solid fill is not permitted

riparian grant

a grant of lands below the mean high water line

Statement of No Interest

A Statement of No Interest is an official document issued by the State of New Jersey attesting to the fact that a particular property or area is free from all state tidelands claims.

• "Advocate Spring 2015" (PDF). Advocate. New Jersey Land Title Association. Spring 2015. Retrieved June 8, 2016.
• Goldshore, Lewis P., ESQ (November 1979). The New Jersey Riparian Rights Handbook. State of New Jersey.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)