Nghê

Twin Nghê statue, Lê Thánh Tông Emperor's temple, Thanh Hóa province, early 17th century AD, Vietnam National Museum of Fine Arts - Hanoi

Nghê is the native mascot created by the Vietnamese people,[1] different from the kỳ lân and the lion. Nghe is the incarnation of a dog, raised to the same level Four Holy Beasts (Long, Lân, Quy, and Phụng) and different from the Chinese guardian lion. Nghê is the indigenous Mascot of the Vietnamese people. Is a spiritual guardian animal, against evil spirits and demons. Buddhism has the image of "Buddha lion", which means the lion of the Buddha. Being Buddha nature, it reduces ferocious things, omits the element of beast, becomes the lion of Buddha country.

Vietnamese Nghê with Buddhist influences. Compared with the Thai and Lao guardian lionslions are close, but compared with the Chinese guardian lions it is different. Chinese guardian lion in the direction of beasts; Nghê has the element of animal spirit, there is sacredness. Nghê is not only present in the villages of the North but also in the imperial architecture in Huế. In front of the gate of Hiển Nhơn and in front of the Thế Tổ Miếu in the Imperial City of Huế, there are two pairs of stone elves standing in adoration. Different from the image of the Nghê in the Red River Delta, the two pairs of Nghê in Huế have been "imperial palace-ized" with elaborate carvings, forming clusters of twisted feathers at the head, ears and tail, alternating. fire blades on 4 legs and spine.

In the past, it was called the "tịch tà", except for bad things. It is the embodiment of the dog, an animal close to Vietnamese life, Nghê wears a lamp in the late Đông Sơn bronzes.[2][3] The level of appearance of nghê is increasingly dense. The thrones of the emperors of the Nguyễn dynasty all had a pair of nghê flanking them below. During the Nguyễn dynasty, two common forms, the thiết đình at Thái Hòa Palace still had the shape of a nghê. This confirmed the supreme position of nghê in society at that time. Due to many historical events, we no longer have a palace, but in the Nguyễn dynasty, the nghê had a high position and was a valuable symbol: loyalty, devotion, absolute loyalty, wisdom. It is placed in a position where it can be immediately examined, distinguished from evil, welcomed, rejoiced.[4]

Nghê at the gate đình Mông Phụ, the old village Đường Lâm, Sơn Tây, Hanoi

The stone nghê at Temple of Đinh Tiên Hoàng, Ninh Bình

Nghê artifacts in the museum

Nghê ancient, tail spread, Thanh Hải ceramic village, Vietnam

Nghê ancient, Thanh Hải Ceramic Village, Vietnam

Nghê couple stone gatekeeper at Định Thành Temple

Nghê-shaped antiques of Guimet Museum (Paris)[5]

• The lampstand has an nghê statue, with the sign that it was made in 1637 in Bát Tràng.
• Nghê drawing disc, produced for the Middle East market and Muslim countries.

Nghê-shaped artifacts of Vietnam History Museum (Hanoi):

• The top has a cap, white and gray enamel cracks. Revival Lê dynasty, April of Vĩnh Hựu year 2 (1736). The top has a dome-shaped lid, the top is a statue of a nghê playing with jade, around the bagua, a flat edge of the mouth, a bulging body, 3 animal legs embossed with tigers, 2 dragon-shaped straps. Embossed with ribbons of flip-flops, T-verses, cardinal leaves and dragons in the clouds. Minh Văn engraved on the base. Vĩnh Hựu vạn niên chi nhị, tứ nguyệt nhật cung tác). Gray white stretch enamel.
• Nậm Wine, colorful enamel. Mạc – Revival Lê dynasty, 16th–17th centuries. Nậm has a cylindrical high neck, a standing mouth, a divided body with 6 floating petals shaped like petals, embossed with nghê and flowers, and a brown base border. Ivory and moss green enamel.
• Nghê statue, ivory white enamel and moss green. Revival Lê dynasty, 17th century. Statue of Nghê on a rectangular pedestal, sitting in adoration, 2 front legs propped up, 2 hind legs bent, head raised, neck wearing a string of floating music. Around the body and legs touch the clouds. Rectangular base carved with clouds, lotus flowers and anise. Ivory white and moss green enamel.
• The jar has a lid, glaze and blue. Nguyễn dynasty, Gia Long era (1802–1819). The dome-shaped lid with the top is a statue of a nghê playing with jade, drawing clouds around. The hat has a curved mouth edge, a short neck, bulging shoulders, a high body, and a wide base. Embossed shoulders with 4 lion heads in a circle. Draw the theme of landscapes, houses, trees, people wearing umbrellas, people rowing boats. Minh Văn writes in enamel on the bottom. "Gia Long Niên Chế" (Made in the Gia Long era).
• The jar has a lid, white and blue enamel. Nguyễn dynasty, Gia Long era (1802–1819). The cap has a crown in the shape of a jade playing with jade, drawing flowers and leaves of blue enamel. The jar has a flat rim, a short neck, bulging shoulders, and a concave bottom. On the shoulder are embossed 4 lion heads with rings. Around the body are painted lam tiêu – tượng, mã – liễu, tùng – lộc. Minh Văn wrote 4 letters. "Gia Long Niên tạo" (Made in the Gia Long era). Brown, white and blue enamel.
• The altar has a lid, enamel, and ivory. Revival Lê dynasty, 18th century. The altar has 2 parts, the mouth is oval, the lid is decorated with the nghê's knob, the leaf ribbon is flipped, mai – cúc – trúc – tùng, "vạn" character, hổ phù. Men stretch ivory.
• Nghê statue, made of clay. Lê – Nguyễn dynasties, 18th–19th centuries Nghê stands on a rectangular pedestal, around the body embossed with clouds. Brown red.
• Nghê statue, made of clay. Lê – Nguyễn dynasties, 18th–19th centuries. Elephant kneels on a rectangular pedestal, tail twisted, body embossed with clouds. Brown red.

• Chinese guardian lions
• Komainu
• Chinthe
• Kitsune
• Nio
• Xiezhi

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Nghê.

• Con Nghê - Một biểu tượng tạo hình thuần Việt Archived 2012-07-04 at the Wayback Machine
• Trần Hậu Yên Thế: Nghê thuần Việt đi suốt chiều dài lịch sử
• Nghê gốm thế kỷ XIII-XIV Archived 2014-03-16 at the Wayback Machine