Nicholas Cresswell

Nicholas Cresswell (5 January 1750 – 26 July 1804) was an English diarist.[1]

Life in Virginia and Maryland

Cresswell was the son of a landowner and sheep farmer in Crowden-le-Booth, Edale, Derbyshire. In 1774, at the age of 24, he sailed to the Thirteen Colonies after becoming acquainted with a native of Edale, who was now resident in Alexandria, Virginia. For the next three years he kept a journal of his experiences, along with comments on political and social issues. He described slaves in Maryland dancing to a banjo, fashioned out a gourd, as "something in the imitation of a guitar, with only four strings".[2]

Loyalism in the American Revolutionary War

He became unpopular due to his opposition to the independence cause in the American Revolutionary War. Cresswell returned to England, and after a failed attempt to receive a commission from the ex-governor of Virginia, John Murray, 4th Earl of Dunmore, he returned to Edale to resume farming.

Death

He died in Idridgehay in 1804.[1]

References
  1. Gwenda Morgan, ‘Cresswell, Nicholas (1750–1804)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004, accessed 8 Nov 2010.
  2. Giles Oakley (1997). The Devil's Music. Da Capo Press. p. 15. ISBN 978-0-306-80743-5.

Further reading
  • The Journal of Nicholas Cresswell, 1774–1777 (1924, with a preface by S. Thornely).
  • The Journal of Nicholas Cresswell, 1774–1777 (New York, 1928, second edition, with an introduction by A. G. Bradley).
  • The Journal of Nicholas Cresswell, 1774–1777 (Townsends; Feb 2018)
  • H. B. Gill, ‘Nicholas Cresswell acted like a British spy. But was he?’, Colonial Williamsburg, 16 (1993), pp. 26–30.
  • G. M. Curtis and H. B. Gill, ‘A man apart: Nicholas Cresswell's American odyssey, 1774–1777’, Indiana Magazine of History, 96 (2000), pp. 169–90.
  • Harold B. Gill, Jr. and George M. Curtis III, editors, "A Man Apart: The Journal of Nicholas Cresswell, 1774-1781" (Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, Rowman & Littlefield, 2009).
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