Nicola Maldacea
Nicola Maldacea (29 October 1870 – 5 March 1945) was an Italian actor, comedian and singer, well-known for his expertise in the theatrical genre of 'macchietta', where he was one of the pioneer.[1][2]
Nicola Maldacea | |
|---|---|
 Nicola Maldacea in a photo by Mario Nunes Vais | |
| Born | 29 October 1870 |
| Died | 5 March 1945 (aged 74) Rome, Italy |
| Occupation | Actor |
| Years active | 1935-1956 |
Career
Born to an elementary schoolteacher with origins in Cosenza, Nicola Maldacea embarked upon his theatrical career in his hometown, making his debut at a very young age on the stages of variety shows and café-chantants.[3]
Possessing a robust vocal prowess, Maldacea initiated his career as a canzonettista (a traveling singer of popular songs), performing in venues across the province of Naples.[3] This eventually led him to write for theatrical companies helmed by Eduardo Scarpetta and Gennaro Pantalena, affording him the opportunity to gain recognition and eventually play at the Salone Margherita in Naples.[1][4]
The recitative style he adopted during his performances prompted Maldacea to provide a satirical interpretation conducive to caricaturing the characters he embodied. This gave birth to the macchiette genere, which Maldacea himself described as follows:[5]
Like a draftsman, I committed myself to give the audience an immediate impression by sketching the character, marking it quickly, highlighting its distinctive features. Hence the origin of the word 'macchietta,' which belongs to the figurative arts: a hasty sketch that, with a few strokes, conveys a place or a person in such a way as to provide an effective impression with the utmost caricatural spontaneity.
— Nicola Maldacea[5]
In this context, critical reception leaned toward favorability praise. The Gazzetta Musicale di Milano (Musical Gazette of Milan), published by Ricordi in December 1903, rendered the following portrayal:[6]
Macchietta is no easy feat: it requires keen powers of observation and intuition, a sense of proportion, and perfect elocution. Maldacea on stage is a living cinematograph: he is the caricaturist and the caricature. [...] The only true type for reproducing the macchietta, [...] the voice, the stage, the meticulously precise study in imitating, in the smallest details, the character he embodies; prodigious speed in changing makeup, clothing, accessories: in short, he is a masterful transformist, like Fregoli, a consummate monologist.
— Gazzetta Musicale di Milano (1903)[6]
In the era preceding the outbreak of the First World War, Maldacea garnered acclaim within the theaters Southern and Northern Italy, solidifying his status as one of the preeminent comedy actors in the country.[1] Among his most renowned portrayals were characters and macchiette such as "Il Conte Flick", "'O jettatore", "il Superuomo", "'O Rusecatore" and "l'Elegante" with music composed by Vincenzo Valente and Salvatore Gambardella. These macchiette were frequently written by authors such as Salvatore Di Giacomo, Trilussa, Rocco Galdieri, and others, who frequently wrote specifically for Maldacea.[7]
He also appeared in cinema, in more than sixty films from 1935 to 1956.
Maldacea passed away in Rome on March 5, 1945.[4] The city of Naples transferred his remains from Rome to the Cemetery of Poggioreale, Naples.[2]
Selected filmography
| Year | Title | Role |
|---|---|---|
| 1943 | Maria Malibran | |
| 1942 | Girl of the Golden West | Carmen |
| 1941 | First Love | |
| 1940 | Lucrezia Borgia | Cosimo |
| 1939 | Naples Will Never Die | |
| Marionette | ||
| The Widow | Gennarino | |
| 1938 | Naples of Olden Times | Nicola |
| Luciano Serra, Pilot | ||
| 1937 | The Ferocious Saladin | |
| We Were Seven Sisters | ||
| I've Lost My Husband! | Giuseppe | |
| Fermo con le mani | ||
| 1935 | The Joker King | |
| Naples in Green and Blue |
References
- "Nicola Maldacea". Enciclopedia Treccani.
- Antonio Sacco (29 October 2020). "Il papà della macchietta". Corriere del Mezzogiorno (in Italian). RCS MediaGroup.
- Nino Masiello (1994). Tempo di Maggio. Teatro popolare del '900 a Napoli (in Italian). Tullio Pironti. p. 35. ISBN 8879371304.
- Vittorio Paliotti (1977). La Macchietta (in Italian). Bideri. p. 13.
- Sergio Lori. Il varietà a Napoli (in Italian). Rome: Newton & Compton. pp. 8–9.
Come un disegnatore, mi ripromettevo di dare al pubblico un'impressione immediata schizzando il tipo, segnandolo rapidamente, rendendone i tratti salienti. Da ciò l'origine della parola macchietta, che è propria dell'arte figurativa: schizzo frettoloso, che renda con poche pennellate un luogo o una persona in modo da darne un'impressione efficace con la massima spontaneità caricaturale
- "Nicola Maladacea". Musica e Musicisti. Gazzetta Musicale di Milano (in Italian). No. 12. Ricordi & C. December 1903.
La macchietta non è cosa facile: richiede un grande spirito d'osservazione e d'intuito, una giusta misura ed una perfetta dizione. Maldacea sul palcoscenico è un cinematografo vivente: è il caricatuista e la caricatura. [...] il tipo unicamente vero per la riproduzione della macchietta [...] la voce, la scena, lo studio meticolosamente preciso nell'imitare, nei più minuti particolari, il personaggio che incarna; una rapidità prodigiosa nel cambiare truccatura, abiti accessori: insimma egli è un trasformista uso Fregoli, un dicitore compito.
- Federico Petriccione (January–February 1931). "La Macchietta satirica e Nicola Maldacea". Comoedia (in Italian). No. 1. Milan: Rizzoli. pp. 37–40.
Bibliography
- Nicola Maldacea (1933). Memorie di Nicola Maldacea (in Italian). Naples: Bideri.
- Sergio Lori (1996). Il varietà a Napoli (in Italian). Rome: Newton & Compton. ISBN 888183460X.
- Francesco Possenti (1987). I teatri del primo Novecento (in Italian). Orsa Maggiore Editrice.
- Andrea Jelardi (2009). "Vittoria Ottolenghi". In scena en travesti - il travestitismo nello spettacolo italiano (in Italian). Rome: Edizioni Libreria Croce.
- Antonio Sciotti (2021). I Divi della Canzone Comica (in Italian). Naples: Arturo Bascetta Editore. pp. 191–220.