Niobate

A niobate is an oxo-acid salt formed by niobium(V), and the common forms are metaniobate (NbO3−) and orthoniobate (NbO43−). The most common niobates are lithium niobate (LiNbO3) and potassium niobate (KNbO3).

Not to be confused with niobite.

Preparation

The niobate can be obtained by reacting niobium pentoxide with the corresponding oxide, hydroxide or carbonate.[1] For example, reacting lithium carbonate with niobium pentoxide would obtain lithium niobate:[2]

Li2CO3 + Nb2O5 → 2 LiNbO3 + CO2↑

Cobalt metaniobate can be obtained by heating a mixture of cobalt monoxide and niobium pentoxide:[3]

CoO + Nb2O5 → Co(NbO3)2

Lanthanide oxides react with niobium pentoxide to form the lanthanide orthoniobates:[4]

Ln2O3 + Nb2O5 → 2 LnNbO4

References
  1. 申泮文 等. 无机化学丛书 第八卷 钛分族 钒分族 铬分族. 科学出版社, 2011. pp 275-276
  2. 朱文祥. 无机化合物制备手册. 化学工业出版社, 2006. pp 219. 【V-69】偏铌(V)酸盐
  3. A Textbook of Inorganic Chemistry. Vol VI, Part III. Vanadium, Niobium and Tantalum. Charles Griffin & Company Ltd, 1929. pp 159. Cobalt Metaniobate
  4. Li Jian, C. M. Wayman. Monoclinic-to-Tetragonal Phase Transformation in a Ceramic Rare-Earth Orthoniobate, LaNbO4. J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 80 [3] 803–806 (1997). DOI: 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1997.tb02905.x
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