Nizam-i Djedid Army

The Nizam-i Djedid Army (Ottoman Turkish: نظام جديد, romanized: Niẓām-i Jedīd, lit. 'new order') refers to the new military establishment of the Nizam-i Cedid reform program.[1] The Nizam-i Djedid army was largely a failure in its own time, but proved to be a much more effective infantry force than the Janissaries.[2]

Nizam-i Djedid
Active	1789
Disbanded	1807
Country	Ottoman Empire
Type	Infantry
Garrison/HQ	Constantinople
Colors	Red
Engagements	Siege of Acre; Battle of Deligrad

Part of a series on the
Military of the Ottoman Empire
Classical army (1451–1826) Kapıkulu Janissaries Six Divisions of Cavalry Sipahi Voynuks Yamaks Dervendjis Sekban Seymen Seimeni Akinji Azap Levend Timariots Yaya Humbaracı Bashi-bazouk Deli Martolos
Reform period Nizam-i Djedid Sekban-i Djedid Auspicious Incident Mansure Army Hamidieh
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Conscription

After losing the Russo-Turkish War of 1787–92 in 1792 to Austria and Russia, Selim III concluded that Ottoman military was in serious need of reform if the empire was to survive. As a result, he began implementing a series of reforms aimed at reorganizing the military after the fashion of European militaries. This included the usage of European training tactics, weapons, and even officers. These reforms troubled the Janissaries, who were suspicious and unreceptive towards the reforms. To this end, Selim III created the Nizam-i Djedid in 1797 in order to develop a replacement for the Janissaries. By 1806 this new army stood 26,000 men strong, equipped with a French-style uniforms, European weapons, and a modern artillery corps. Due to their distinctly modern nature, the army was named Nizam-ı Cedid, which has the meaning of 'New Order,' in Ottoman Turkish.[3]

However, when war with the Russian Empire broke out once again, Sultan Selim III hesitated to use Western drilled army in combat, despite its strong numbers of over 25,000. The old order strongly opposed this age of reform in the Ottoman Empire. First evidenced in the 1806 Edirne incident when Selim III's efforts to expand the New Order into Thrace were forcibly halted by a coalition of Janissaries and local ayans, and, later, by his deposition in May 1807 during which the soldiers of the New Order were either disbanded or massacred. While the Nizam-i Djedid was ultimately a failure for Selim III, the effort would be continued under the reign of Mahmud II following the destruction of the Janissary Corps during the Auspicious Incident. Military defeats against Russia would not cease however.