Norman Naimark

Norman M. Naimark (/ˈneɪmɑːrk/; born 1944, New York City) is an American historian. He is the Robert and Florence McDonnell Professor of Eastern European Studies at Stanford University,[1] and a senior fellow at the Hoover Institution.[2] He writes on modern Eastern European history, genocide, and ethnic cleansing in the region.[3]

Norman M. Naimark, 2018

Career

Naimark received all of his degrees at Stanford. He taught at Boston University, and was a fellow at Harvard University's Russian Research Center before returning to Stanford as a member of the faculty in the 1980s. Naimark is of Jewish heritage; his parents were born in Galicia.

He is a member of the editorial boards of a number of professional journals, including The American Historical Review and. The Journal of Contemporary History.

He was awarded the Officers Cross of the Order of Merit by Germany.[3]

He may be best-known for his acclaimed study, The Russians In Germany.[4] He wrote in a 2017 essay that genocide is often tied to war, dehumanization, and/or economic resentment. He writes, "if there weren’t other very good reasons to prevent war, the correlation between war and genocide is a good one".[5]

Views on social groups and genocide

Throughout his more recent works, Naimark argues that crimes, whereby there is an intent to destroy social and political groups, ought to be deemed ‘genocide’. This notion goes against the 1948 Genocide Convention which specifically excludes political and social groups as potential victims.[6] Naimark’s argument in his 2010 work Stalin’s Genocides is that the “world needs a much broader definition of genocide that includes nations killing social classes and political groups.“ [7]

Naimark argues that the Soviet government’s elimination of a socioeconomic class, namely the kulaks (higher-income farmers), the famine among Ukrainian peasants (known as the Holodomor) and the 1937 Soviet government order that called for the mass execution and exile of people deemed socially harmful elements or “enemies of the people” constitute genocide due to, among other factors, the intent of extermination that underpinned them. Naimark points to the fact that, as he claims, early drafts of the UN Genocide Convention contained mentions of social and political groups, but the final draft omitted them at the request of the Soviet delegation.[7]

Published works

Books

  • Stalin and the Fate of Europe: The Postwar Struggle for Sovereignty. (Harvard University Press, 2019).
  • Genocide: A World History. Oxford University Press, 2017.
  • A Question of Genocide: Armenians and Turks at the End of the Ottoman Empire. Oxford University Press, 2011 (Paperback ed. 2012, ISBN 978-0199930371). (Editor, together with Ronald Grigor Suny and Fatma Müge Göçek)
  • Stalin's Genocides (Princeton University Press, 2010).[8]
  • Fires Of Hatred: Ethnic Cleansing In 20th Century Europe (Harvard, 2001)
  • The Russians In Germany: The History Of The Soviet Zone Of Occupation, 1945–1949 (Harvard, 1995)
  • Terrorists And Social Democrats: The Russian Revolutionary Movement Under Alexander III (Harvard, 1983)
  • The History Of The "Proletariat": The Emergence Of Marxism In The Kingdom Of Poland, 1870–1887 (Columbia, 1979)

References
  1. "FSI | CISAC - Norman M. Naimark". cisac.fsi.stanford.edu.
  2. "Norman M. Naimark". Hoover Institution.
  3. "Norman Naimark". Stanford University. Retrieved March 13, 2017.
  4. Johnson, Daniel (October 22, 1995). "The Zone". The New York Times.
  5. Stanford, F. S. I. (April 13, 2017). "Why do humans commit genocide?". Medium. Retrieved October 25, 2020.
  6. "THE CONVENTION ON THE PREVENTION AND PUNISHMENT OF THE CRIME OF GENOCIDE (1948)" (PDF). United Nations. Jan 2019. Retrieved September 17, 2023.
  7. "Stalin's Genocides". Hoover Institution. Retrieved 2023-09-18.
  8. "Stalin's Genocides". Oxonian Review. March 3, 2011.
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