Novy Bykhaw
Novy Bykhaw (Belarusian: Новы Быхаў, Russian: Новый Быхов, Polish: Nowy Bychów, literally "New Bykhaw") is an agrotown in Bykhaw District, Mogilev Region, Belarus.
History
Archaeological finds by Novy Bykhov indicate the presence of the Zarubintsy culture dated by mid-3th century BCE.[1] In 1905 archeologist Evdokim Romanov excavated four burial places by Novy Bykhaw. Further excavations in the area followed, but were interrupted due to the revolutionary and military turmoil of the time and resumed only in 1925-1926 and interrupted again until early 1960s. The finds in the burials dated by 6th-10th centuries suggest that the area was a contact area of Drehovichs and Radimichs.[2]
In 16th century the miasteczko of Nowy Bychów was part of the Kingdom of Poland, in property of Chodkiewicz family, later of Sapiehas.[3] In the end of the 18th century it was established as a magnate town in Bychów hrabstwo, Orsha powiat, Vitebsk Voivodeship.[4] Geographical Dictionary of the Kingdom of Poland reports that in late 19th century it had 281 households, of which 200 were of Christian Orthodox faith (1349 persons) and 81 were Jewish (664 persons).[3]
Jewish history
The Brockhaus and Efron Jewish Encyclopedia stated that by the revision of 1847, the Jewish population of Nowy Bykhaw numbered 560. According to the 1897 Russian Census Novy Bykhaw had the highest percentage of Jewish population (490 Jews of 2255 total) in Bykhov uyezd, with the exception of Bykhov itself. [5]
The Jewish population of Nywy Bykhaw (and in other places of Belarus) was annihilated during the Holocaust.[6]
The place was known as Naybikhov by the Jewish population, as evidenced by the essay "The Road to Naybikhov" by Hillel Halkin published in the Commentary magazine,[7] and in his book collection of essays.[8]
References
- Туристическая мозаика Беларуси, 2017,
- Alexey Avlasovich, "Курганные древности Быховского района (по материалам археологических исследований)"
- Geographical Dictionary of the Kingdom of Poland, pp. 292-293
- Вялікі гістарычны атлас Беларусі, vol.2, Minsk, 2013, p. 103.
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The full text of article "Быхов" in BEJE at Wikisource - БЫХОВ, ИСТОРИЯ ГОРОДА
- "The Road to Naybikhov"
- Hillel Halkin, A Complicated Jew, , 2021, ISBN 1642938114
Further reading
- Память. Историко-документальная хроника Быховского района. — Минск: БелСЭ, 1990. — p. 29. ISBN 5-85700-027-0