O alienista

"O alienista" (translated as "The Psychiatrist" then "The Alienist") is a satiric novella written by the Brazilian author Machado de Assis (1839–1908). The story ran in Rio de Janeiro's newspaper A Estação (from 15 October 1881 to 15 March 1882), then was published in 1882 as part of the author's short-story collection Papéis avulsos ("Single Papers").[1] An English translation was published in 1963.

For the Caleb Carr novel, see The Alienist.
"The Psychiatrist"
Short story by Machado de Assis
Original titleO alienista
TranslatorWilliam L. Grossman
CountryBrazil
LanguagePortuguese
Genre(s)Novella, satire
Publication
Published inPapéis avulsos
Publication typeAnthology
Media typePrint
Publication date(1881–)1882
Published in English1963
Pages86

In 1970, the story was adapted into the comedy film The Alienist. In 2007, it was adapted into a same-titled graphic novella by Fábio Moon and Gabriel Bá (and won the 2008 Prêmio Jabuti[2] for educational material).

Plot summary

Published a year after Machado's first major novel, Memórias Póstumas de Brás Cubas, "The Psychiatrist" follows the scientific efforts of Dr. Simon Bacamarte (Simão Bacamarte in the original – "bacarmarte" being Portuguese for "blunderbuss", an old scattershot gun). Bacamarte, a Brazil-born Portuguese (when Brazil was a colony), is a prominent physician whose sincere obsession for discovering a universal method to cure pathological disorders drives inhabitants of the small Brazilian town of Itaguaí to fear, conspiracy, and revolutionary attempts.

Chapters 1–4

In a short space of time, Bacamarte's newly opened asylum, popularly named "the Green House" (Casa Verde), passes to take inside of its walls not only mentally ill patients but also healthy citizens who, according to the doctor's diagnoses, are about to develop some sort of mental illness.

Chapters 5–10

Porfírio, the town's barber, indicts Bacamarte for his corruptive influence over the Municipal Council, which since the beginning approved the experiments taken place at the Green House, "the Bastille of human Knowledge". A revolt and council change ensues, but the new regime proposes an alliance to the alienist, until being toppled back to the original council. The local priest also misquotes Dante.

Chapters 11–12

This gives pause to Bacamarte, who changes his tack and decides that balanced people are actually a small minority, and thus the anomaly that should be cured: the modest, the loyal, the wise, the patient, etc., are now admitted to be scientifically disequilibrated according to his new theory.

Chapter 13

After they all have been "cured" and discharged, Bacamarte eventually considers that he is the most well-balanced person of the village and thus the one most in need of treatment. Uncompromising to the last, he locks himself alone into his asylum, where he dies seventeen months later. The village concludes that he was the only madman from day one. "Be that as it may, his funeral was conducted with great pomp and rare solemnity."

English editions

Modern fiction

In 2000, Moacyr Scliar published the juvenile novel O Mistério da Casa Verde, about a group of children investigating the Casa Verde in the 20th century. In 2010, Natália Klein published the science fiction novel O Alienista Caçador de Mutantes, the Casa Verde imprisons victims of mutation, caused by the fall of a flying saucer in Itaguaí.[6]

See also

References
  1. Machado de Assis (2019). O Alienista (in Brazilian Portuguese). Antofágica. p. 258. ISBN 978-65-80210-08-4.
  2. (in Portuguese) 2008 winners Archived 19 June 2015 at the Wayback Machine at Prêmio Jabuti
  3. Table of contents at Google Books
  4. Machado de Assis (2012). The Alienist. Brooklyn, New York. ISBN 978-1-61219-107-2. OCLC 764335903.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  5. Machado de Assis (2013). The alienist : and other stories of Nineteenth-century Brazil. John Charles Chasteen. Indianapolis: Hackett Pub. Co., Inc. ISBN 978-1-60384-853-4. OCLC 811337448.
  6. Hector Lima (25 October 2010). "Cinco perguntas para Natália Klein, autora de O ALIENISTA CAÇADOR DE MUTANTES". GomaDeMascar.net. Retrieved 27 June 2011.
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