Ocotea catharinensis

Ocotea catharinensis is a member of the plant family Lauraceae. It is a slow-growing evergreen, a valuable hardwood tree of broad ecological importance, and it is threatened by habitat loss and by overexploitation for its timber and essential oils.

Ocotea catharinensis
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Magnoliids
Order: Laurales
Family: Lauraceae
Genus: Ocotea
Species:
O. catharinensis
Binomial name
Ocotea catharinensis
Mez.

Distribution

The tree is endemic to southeastern Brazil in the Atlantic Forest ecoregion.[1]

It is found in Paraná, Rio de Janeiro Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, and São Paulo states.[1][2]

It can be a dominant canopy tree in the tropical rainforests of these states. It grows on deep, rich, well-drained soils on slopes between 30–900 metres (98–2,953 ft) in elevation.

Description

Ocotea catharinensis is a slow-growing monoecious evergreen hardwood up to 40m tall. Its flowers are small and hermaphrodite. The ovary is glabrous with a well developed ovule. Often not all the locelli are fertile.

It is a honey-bearing tree and its fruits are eaten by birds and mammals, including the endangered monkey Brachyteles arachnoides.[3]

Uses

The tree is badly overexploited for its valuable hardwood, its essential oils with their (linalool) content, and for various pharmaceutical compounds or prospects such as neolignans.[4] From the early- to mid-20th century the wood was popular for the flooring of houses in the Brazilian coastal State of Santa Catarina.

Conservation

In 1997 it appeared in the IUCN Red List as a Vulnerable species, which it retains currently.[1] Since then it has been described as "on the verge of extinction" and research is being published on prospects for its somatic propagation.[5]

References
  1. Varty, N.; Guadagnin, D.L. (1998). "Ocotea catharinensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1998: e.T33982A9819827. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1998.RLTS.T33982A9819827.en. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
  2. "Arboles de América: Ocotea catharinensis".
  3. Paulo Backes & Bruno Irgang, Mata Atlântica - as árvores e a paisagem, Porto Alegre, 2004, Paisagem do Sul, page 211
  4. Lacava Lordello, Ana Luísa; Yoshida, Massayoshi (1997). "Neolignans from leaves of Ocotea catharinensis". Phytochemistry. 46 (4): 741–744. doi:10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00343-9.
  5. Santa Catarina, Claudete; dos Santos Olmedo, Alessandra; de Andrade Meyer, Geraldine; Macedo, Jonice; de Amorim, Wagner; Viana, Ana Maria (2004). "Repetitive Somatic Embryogenesis of Ocotea catharinensis Mez". Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture. 78 (1): 55–62. doi:10.1023/B:TICU.0000020395.40974.8a. S2CID 24955730.

Further reading
  • Irgang, B. E; Backes, Paulo. Mata Atlântica. As Árvores e a Paisagem. 1. ed. Porto Alegre: Paisagem do Sul, 2004. 393 p.
  • Klein, R.M. Ecologia da flora e vegetação do Vale do Itajaí. Sellowia, 30 e 31. 1979–1980.
  • Reitz,R.; Klein,R.M.; Reis,A. Projeto Madeira de Santa Catarina. 1978. 320 p.


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