On Leong Chinese Merchants Association
The On Leong Chinese Merchants Association (traditional Chinese: 安良工商會; simplified Chinese: 安良工商会; Jyutping: on1 loeng4 gung1 soeng1 wui2), or simply Chinese Merchants Association, formerly known as the On Leong Tong (Chinese: 安良堂; pinyin: Ānliáng Táng), is a tong society operating out of its territory at the intersection of Canal Street and Mott Street in Chinatown, Manhattan (曼哈頓華埠). Established in November 1893, the tong fought a violent war for control of Chinatown's rackets and businesses with the Hip Sing Tong. In recent years, the Tong has been linked to the Ghost Shadows street gang led by Wing Yeung Chan. Currently, there are over 30,000 registered On Leong members, the majority of whom have a commercial or industrial background.[1]
| On Leong Chinese Merchants Association | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Traditional Chinese | 安良工商會 | ||||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 安良工商会 | ||||||||||
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References
- "On Leong background information in Hong Men Zhi Gong website. (in Simplified Chinese)". Archived from the original on 2008-06-19. Retrieved 2009-01-15.
Further reading
- Denny Lee, Years of the Dragons Information on the history of Ghost Shadows, New York Times, May 11, 2003.
- MacIllwain, Jeffrey Scott. Organizing Crime in Chinatown: race and racketeering in New York City, 1890-1910. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, 2004. ISBN 0-7864-1626-2