Onsong County

Onsŏng County is a county (kun) in North Hamgyong Province, North Korea, located near the border with China. The administrative center is the town (ŭp) of Onsong. Onsong is the alleged site of the former Onsong concentration camp, now closed.

Onsong County
온성군
Korean transcription(s)
  Hanja穩城郡
  McCune-ReischauerOnsŏng kun
  Revised RomanizationOnseong-gun
Map of North Hamgyong showing the location of Onsong
Map of North Hamgyong showing the location of Onsong
CountryNorth Korea
ProvinceNorth Hamgyong Province
Administrative divisions1 ŭp;, 10 workers' districts, 15 ri
Area
  Total430 km2 (170 sq mi)
Population
 (2008 census)
  Total127,893
  Density300/km2 (770/sq mi)

History

Onsong was one of the six post/garrisons (Korean: 육진; Hanja: 六鎭) established under the order of Sejong the Great of Joseon (1418–1450) to safeguard his people from the hostile Chinese Ming dynasty and Manchurian/Jurchen nomads living in Manchuria.

Geography

Onsong lies along the Tumen River, which forms the border with China. To the north of Onsong is Jilin Province, China. Onsong also contains the northernmost point in Korea, at 43°0'39″ N. Liangshui (Korean: 량수진; Hanja: 凉水鎮), in Tumen prefecture, is the closest Chinese town across the river.

The land of Onsong is mainly mountainous, although a part is flatland. It has a continental climate, and is the region of Korea with the longest winter, except the Kaema Plateau. The highest peak is Yŏndubong.

Economy

Being mountainous in nature, Onsong is not well suited to agriculture. Ironically, however, it has the highest ratio of rice paddies to dry fields of any district in North Hamgyong Province. Logging is prevalent in the Tumen River basin. Lignite coal is also produced.

Transportation

Onsong is served by roads and railroads. In winter, it is also possible to cross the frozen Tumen River into China.

Onsong has a 4 km long, single overhead bidirectional trolleybus line linking from the railway station to the Wangjaesan Grand Monument, although no trolleybuses are observed on the line since at least 2004. The overhead is nonetheless at least appearing to be in a good condition.[1] The system formerly had two Jipsan 88 trolleybuses, though they were converted from the similar, but unrelated Jipsan 88 bus.[2]

Administrative divisions

Onsŏng County is divided into 1 town ("Ŭp"), 10 workers' districts ("Rodongjagu") and 15 villages ("Ri"):

Chosŏn'gŭl Hancha
Onsŏng-ŭp온성읍穩城邑
Chongsŏng-rodongjagu종성로동자구鍾城勞動者區
Chuwŏl-lodongjagu주원로동자구周原勞動者區
Ch'angp'yŏng-rodongjagu창평로동자구蒼坪勞動者區
Namyang-rodongjagu남양로동자구南陽勞動者區
Ont'al-lodongjagu온탄로동자구穩炭勞動者區
P'ung'il-lodongjagu풍인로동자구豊仁勞動者區
Sambong-rodongjagu삼봉로동자구三峰勞動者區
Sanghwa-rodongjagu상화로동자구上和勞動煮區
Sansŏng-rodongjagu산성로동자구山城勞動者區
Tongp'o-rodongjagu동포로동자구東浦勞動者區
Chungsal-li증산리甑山里
Hasambong-ri하삼봉리下三峰里
Hyangdang-ri향당리香堂里
Kangal-li강안리江岸里
Misal-li미산리美山里
P'ungch'ŏl-li풍천리豊川里
P'unggye-ri풍계리豊溪里
P'ungha-ri풍하리豊利里
P'ungsŏ-ri풍서리豊西里
Ryongnam-ri룡남리龍南里
Sesŏl-li세선리世仙里
Turubong-ri두루봉리
Un'am-ri운암리雲岩里
Wangjaesal-li왕재산리
Yŏnggang-ri영강리永江里

Notable personalities

References

  1. "Onsong". transphoto.org. Retrieved 2020-12-27.
  2. "Onsong, Trolleybus — Roster". transphoto.org. Retrieved 2021-07-21.

42°57′20″N 129°59′30″E

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