Opal Storage Specification

The Opal Storage Specification is a set of specifications for features of data storage devices (such as hard disk drives and solid state drives) that enhance their security. For example, it defines a way of encrypting the stored data so that an unauthorized person who gains possession of the device cannot see the data. That is, it is a specification for self-encrypting drives (SED).

The specification is published by the Trusted Computing Group Storage Workgroup.

Overview

The Opal SSC (Security Subsystem Class) is an implementation profile for Storage Devices built to:

  • Protect the confidentiality of stored user data against unauthorized access once it leaves the owner's control (involving a power cycle and subsequent deauthentication).
  • Enable interoperability between multiple SD vendors.[1]

Functions

The Opal SSC encompasses these functions:

  • Security provider support
  • Interface communication protocol
  • Cryptographic features
  • Authentication
  • Table management
  • Access control and personalization
  • Issuance
  • SSC discovery

Features
  • Security Protocol 1 support
  • Security Protocol 2 support
  • Communications
  • Protocol stack reset commands

Security

Radboud University researchers indicated in November 2018 that some hardware-encrypted SSDs, including some Opal implementations, had security vulnerabilities.[2]

Implementers of SSC

Device companies

Storage controller companies

Software companies

Computer OEMs

References
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