Osmorhiza claytonii

Osmorhiza claytonii is a North American perennial herb, native to Canada and the eastern United States. It is also known as Clayton's sweetroot,[3] sweet cicely, or woolly sweet cicely[4] a name it shares with other members of its genus Osmorhiza.[5][6][7]

Osmorhiza claytonii

Secure  (NatureServe)[1]
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Apiales
Family: Apiaceae
Genus: Osmorhiza
Species:
O. claytonii
Binomial name
Osmorhiza claytonii
Synonyms[2]
  • Myrrhis claytonii Michx.
  • Myrrhis claytonii Michx.
  • Osmorhiza amurensis F. Schmidt ex Maxim.
  • Osmorhiza claytonii (Michx.) C.B. Clarke
  • Osmorhiza aristata var. montana Makino
  • Osmorhiza japonica Siebold & Zucc.
  • Scandix aristata (Thunb.) Makino
  • Scandix claytonii (Michx.) Koso-Pol.
  • Uraspermum aristatum (Thunb.) Kuntze
  • Washingtonia claytonii (Michx.) Britton

Description

Osmorhiza claytonii is a herbaceous perennial 45–90 centimetres (1–3 ft) tall and pubescent. Leaves are large, compound, deeply divided, and dentate. Flowers are small 1.5 millimetres (0.059 in), white, and clustered with others on a long-stalked umbel. Its native habitats include rich woods and wooded slopes.[8]

The leaves are yellowish green. There are white hairs on the stem and to a lesser extent on the leaves as well. It is ternately branched, having three-leafed branches. When broken it has an anise like smell or flavor.

The seeds of this plant have barbs on the end allowing them to stick to clothing, fur, or feathers.

Ecology

Small to medium-sized bees, wasps, flies, and beetles feed on the nectar and pollen of the flowers. The caterpillars of the butterfly Papilio polyxenes (Black Swallowtail) feed on the foliage.[9]

Similar species

O. claytonii is very similar in appearance to Osmorhiza longistylis (long-styled sweet-cicely) with a similar geographic range. The roots of O. longistylis have a stronger anise smell than those of O. claytonii, and the styles of the flowers protrude beyond the petals, while the styles of O. claytonii are shorter than the petals.[10]


References
  1. "Osmorhiza claytonii". NatureServe Explorer. NatureServe. Retrieved 2008-05-06.
  2. The Plant List, Kew
  3. USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Osmorhiza claytonii". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 25 July 2015.
  4. Denison, Edgar (2017). Missouri Wildflowers (Sixth ed.). Conservation Commission of the State of Missouri. p. 19. ISBN 978-1-887247-59-7.
  5. Gleason, H. A. 1968. The Choripetalous Dicotyledoneae. vol. 2. 655 pp. In H. A. Gleason: New Britton and Brown Illustrated Flora of the Northeastern United States and Adjacent Canada. New York Botanical Garden, New York
  6. Radford, A. E., H. E. Ahles & C. R. Bell. 1968. Manual of the Vascular Flora of the Carolinas i–lxi, 1–1183. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill
  7. Voss, E. G. 1985. Michigan Flora. Part II Dicots (Saururaceae-Cornaceae). Bulletin of the Cranbrook Institute of Science 59. xix + 724.
  8. "Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center - The University of Texas at Austin". www.wildflower.org. Retrieved 2021-12-18.
  9. "HOSTS - The Hostplants and Caterpillars Database at the Natural History Museum". www.nhm.ac.uk.
  10. "Sweet Cicely (Anise Root)". Missouri Department of Conservation.


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