PRR23C

Proline-rich protein 23C is a protein that in humans is encoded by the proline-rich 23C (PRR23C) gene.

Gene

PRR23C Homo sapiens is located on the long arm of chromosome 3, (3q23) on the antisense strand.[1] When pertaining to the mRNA of PRR23C Homo sapiens, it is 2,791 bp in length.[2] PRR23C Homo sapiens has one exon covering the entire length of mRNA (1-2,791 bp).[3] PRR23C Homo sapiens has a clone name of FLJ46210.[4]

Expression

PRR23C Homo sapiens is expressed in the testis.[5] Ottolini et al. (2014) discussed the PRR23 family to which they revealed that through RNA sequencing data, that PRR23A, PRR23B and PRR23C are testis-specific genes.[6] Ottolini et al. (2014) believes that this family may be a crucial part for the male reproductive system given their RNA-seq data findings.[7]

Protein

Proline-rich protein 23C Homo sapiens is 262 amino acids long[8] with a calculated molecular weight of 27,674 Da.[9] Proline-rich protein 23C Homo sapiens has a domain of unknown function (DUF2476) that spans the majority of the protein (1-259 aa) which is a conserved domain.[10] DUF2476 belongs to pfam10630 which is a part of superfamily c|11241.[11] DUF2476 is a family of proteins that are rich in proline residues and have unknown function.[12] Proline-rich protein 23C is the preferred name but other aliases include proline-rich protein 23A.[13]

Protein composition

Proline is predicted to be the most abundant amino acid in proline-rich protein 23C Homo sapiens.[14] In comparison to the prevalence of amino acids in other human proteins, it is predicted that proline-rich protein 23C Homo sapiens has a higher abundance of proline along with very low abundances of asparagine, threonine, and lysine.[15] Orthologs for this protein are predicted to also have a high abundance of proline.[16]

Isoelectric point

The basal isoelectric point for PRR23C Homo sapiens was 4.48 (pH) according to phoshosite.org.[17]

Sub-cellular localization

Proline-rich protein 23C is predicted to localize to the nucleus for the human protein and its orthologs.[18] There are predicted nuclear localization signals seen in both the human proline-rich protein 23C and its orthologs.[19]

Homology

Orthologs

PRR23C Homo sapiens is strictly conserved in mammals.[20] The table below lists mammalian orthologs for PRR23C Homo sapiens .[21]

Genus & SpeciesCommon NameAccession Number[22]Seq. Length[23]Seq. Identity[24]Seq. Similarity[25]
Homo sapiensHumanNP_001128129.1262 aa100%100%
Pan troglodytesChimpanzeeXP_003310067.1263 aa98.50%98%
Gorilla gorilla gorillaWestern lowland gorillaXP_004037787.1263 aa96.60%98%
Pongo pygmaeusBornean orangutanXP_002814147.1263 aa94.70%95%
Nomascus leucogenysNorthern white-cheeked gibbonXP_003265349.1262 aa94.70%95%
Chlorocebus sabaeusGreen monkeyXP_008007123.1263 aa92%94%
Rhinopithecus roxellanaGolden snub-nosed monkeyXP_010365056.1263 aa91.60%93%
Papio anubisOlive baboonXP_003895087.1263 aa94.70%93%
Callithrix jacchusCommon marmosetXP_002759594.1248 aa72.90%77%
Otolemur garnettiiNorthern greater galagoXP_003789481.1267 aa66.50%71%
Ceratotherium simum simumWhite rhinocerosXP_004419371.1263 aa63.70%75%
Pteropus alectoBlack flying foxXP_006907344.1268 aa50.90%68%
Myotis lucifugusLittle brown batXP_006083994.1257 aa61.20%64%
Bubalus bubalisWater buffaloXP_006070045.1258 aa55.40%62%
Bison bison bisonAmerican bisonXP_010856601.1258 aa51.90%61%
Bos mutusYakXP_005909007.1258 aa51.50%61%
Lipotes vexilliferBaijiXP_007458979.1260 aa51.50%64%
Tursiops truncatusCommon bottlenose dolphinXP_004330081.1261 aa54.50%61%
Balaenoptera acutorostrata scammoniMinke whaleXP_007170446.1255 aa53.60%61%
Physeter catodonSperm whaleXP_007117538.1260 aa53.80%64%
Peromyscus maniculatus bairdiiPrairie deer mouseXP_006975251.1266 aa50.90%60%

Paralogs

There were two paralogs found for PRR23C Homo sapiens: PRR23B and PRR23A. Both have similar sequence identities with PRR23B having 86% identity and PRR23A having 85% identity.[26]

References
  1. "Proline-rich protein 23C [Homo sapiens] - Protein - NCBI".
  2. "Homo sapiens proline rich 23C (PRR23C), mRNA". May 2019. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  3. "Homo sapiens proline rich 23C (PRR23C), mRNA". May 2019. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  4. "PRR23C proline rich 23C [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene - NCBI".
  5. "EST Profile - Hs.531377".
  6. Ottolini, Barbara; Hornsby, Michael J.; Abujaber, Razan; MacArthur, Jacqueline A.L.; Badge, Richard M.; Schwarzacher, Trude; Albertson, Donna G.; Bevins, Charles L.; Solnick, Jay V.; Hollox, Edward J. (October 18, 2014). "Evidence of Convergent Evolution in Humans and Macaques Supports an Adaptive Role for Copy Number Variation of the b-Defensin-2 Gene". Genome Biology and Evolution. 6 (11): 3025–3038. doi:10.1093/gbe/evu236. PMC 4255768. PMID 25349268.
  7. Ottolini, Barbara; Hornsby, Michael J.; Abujaber, Razan; MacArthur, Jacqueline A.L.; Badge, Richard M.; Schwarzacher, Trude; Albertson, Donna G.; Bevins, Charles L.; Solnick, Jay V.; Hollox, Edward J. (October 18, 2014). "Evidence of Convergent Evolution in Humans and Macaques Supports an Adaptive Role for Copy Number Variation of the b-Defensin-2 Gene". Genome Biology and Evolution. 6 (11): 3025–3038. doi:10.1093/gbe/evu236. PMC 4255768. PMID 25349268.
  8. "Proline-rich protein 23C [Homo sapiens] - Protein - NCBI".
  9. "Proline-rich protein 23C [Homo sapiens] - Protein - NCBI".
  10. "Proline-rich protein 23C [Homo sapiens] - Protein - NCBI".
  11. "CDD Conserved Protein Domain Family: DUF2476".
  12. "CDD Conserved Protein Domain Family: DUF2476".
  13. "PRR23C proline rich 23C [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene - NCBI".
  14. Protein Tools SAPS (Biology Workbench) http://workbench.sdsc.edu Volker Brendel, Department of Mathematics, Stanford University, Stanford CA 94305, U.S.A., modified; any errors are due to the modification.
  15. Protein Tools SAPS (Biology Workbench) http://workbench.sdsc.edu Volker Brendel, Department of Mathematics, Stanford University, Stanford CA 94305, U.S.A., modified; any errors are due to the modification.
  16. Protein Tools SAPS (Biology Workbench) http://workbench.sdsc.edu Volker Brendel, Department of Mathematics, Stanford University, Stanford CA 94305, U.S.A., modified; any errors are due to the modification.
  17. "PhosphoSitePlus". Archived from the original on 2019-04-03. Retrieved 2020-04-28.
  18. PSORTII http://www.genscript.com/psort/psort2.html
  19. PSORTII http://www.genscript.com/psort/psort2.html
  20. "Protein BLAST: Search protein databases using a protein query".
  21. "Protein BLAST: Search protein databases using a protein query".
  22. "Home - Protein - NCBI".
  23. "Protein BLAST: Search protein databases using a protein query".
  24. "Protein BLAST: Search protein databases using a protein query".
  25. "Protein BLAST: Search protein databases using a protein query".
  26. "Protein BLAST: Search protein databases using a protein query".
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