Palaemon affinis

Palaemon affinis
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Malacostraca
Order:	Decapoda
Suborder:	Pleocyemata
Infraorder:	Caridea
Family:	Palaemonidae
Genus:	Palaemon
Species:	P. affinis
Binomial name
	Palaemon affinis; H. Milne-Edwards, 1837
Synonyms
	Palemon affinis H. Milne-Edwards, 1837; Palemon quoianus H. Milne-Edwards, 1837;

Palaemon affinis is a species of shrimp of the family Palaemonidae. Early authors used the name Palaemon affinis for specimens now known to belong to a variety of species,[1] but P. affinis is now known to be endemic to the waters of New Zealand.[2]

Taxonomy

Palaemon affinis was first described in 1837 by Henri Milne-Edwards as Palaemon affinis and Palaemon quoianus.[3] In 1876, P. affinis was placed in the Leander subgenus (which is a subgenus of Palaemon).[4] In 1954, P. affinis was moved to the Palaemon subgenus and P. quoianus was recognized as a synonym for P. affinis.[1]

Distribution and habitat

Although previously thought to be present in many other countries, the species is now only known to occur in New Zealand. However, it has been noted that some specimens in the subantarctic islands and Australia may also be Palaemon affinis.[1] It has been suggested that prey abundance is the main factor controlling the distribution of P. affinis.[5]

P. affinis occurs along shores in rocky intertidal zones and in estuaries.[5] The shrimp is very tolerant of salinity changes and can survive in water with a salinity of 5-43%[6]

Diet

The species is mostly carnivorous. Based on examination of stomach contents, they appear to primarily feed upon amphipods, but may also eat polychaetes, gastropods, bivalves and plant material.[5]

References

J. C. Yaldwyn (1954). "Studies on Palaemon affinis M.-Edw. 1837, (Crustacea, Decapoda, Natantia.) Part I. Synonymy and External Morphology" (PDF). Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand. 82 (1): 169–187.
L. R. Richardson & J. C. Yaldwyn (1958). "A Guide to the Natant Decapod Crustacea (Shrimps and Prawns) of New Zealand". Tuatara. 7 (1): 17–41.
Milne Edwards, H.; Milne-Edwards, H.; Fain (Paris); Roret (Parijs) (1834). Histoire naturelle des crustacés : comprenant l'anatomie, la physiologie et la classification de ces animaux. Paris: Librairie encyclopédique de Roret. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.16170.
Miers, Edward John (1876). Catalogue of the stalk- and sessile-eyed crustacea of New Zealand. London: E.W. Janson. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.10411.
Day, Courtney A. (2001). An introduction to the ecology and behaviour of the prawn, Palaemon affinis Milne-Edwards, 1837 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Natantia) (MSc). University of Canterbury.
Kirkpatrick, Karen; Jones, M. B. (1985-01-01). "Salinity tolerance and osmoregulation of a prawn, Palaemon affinis Milne Edwards (Caridea: Palaemonidae)". Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. 93 (1): 61–70. doi:10.1016/0022-0981(85)90148-0. ISSN 0022-0981.

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[:0-1] J. C. Yaldwyn (1954). "Studies on Palaemon affinis M.-Edw. 1837, (Crustacea, Decapoda, Natantia.) Part I. Synonymy and External Morphology" (PDF). Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand. 82 (1): 169–187.

[2] L. R. Richardson & J. C. Yaldwyn (1958). "A Guide to the Natant Decapod Crustacea (Shrimps and Prawns) of New Zealand". Tuatara. 7 (1): 17–41.

[3] Milne Edwards, H.; Milne-Edwards, H.; Fain (Paris); Roret (Parijs) (1834). Histoire naturelle des crustacés : comprenant l'anatomie, la physiologie et la classification de ces animaux. Paris: Librairie encyclopédique de Roret. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.16170.

[4] Miers, Edward John (1876). Catalogue of the stalk- and sessile-eyed crustacea of New Zealand. London: E.W. Janson. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.10411.

[:1-5] Day, Courtney A. (2001). An introduction to the ecology and behaviour of the prawn, Palaemon affinis Milne-Edwards, 1837 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Natantia) (MSc). University of Canterbury.

[6] Kirkpatrick, Karen; Jones, M. B. (1985-01-01). "Salinity tolerance and osmoregulation of a prawn, Palaemon affinis Milne Edwards (Caridea: Palaemonidae)". Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. 93 (1): 61–70. doi:10.1016/0022-0981(85)90148-0. ISSN 0022-0981.